Gyara bayanai na zahiri

1. Dabi'a: lu'ulu'u masu laushi daga fari zuwa ja, launinsu ya yi duhu idan aka adana su a cikin iska na dogon lokaci.

2. Yawan yawa (g/mL, 20/4℃): 1.181.

3. Yawan da ke tsakanin (20℃, 4℃): 1.25. 4.

Wurin narkewa (°C): 122~123. 5.

Wurin tafasa (ºC, a matsin lamba na yanayi): 285~286. 6.

6. wurin walƙiya (ºC): 153. 7. narkewa: ba ya narkewa.

Narkewa: Ba ya narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, yana narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi, ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene, glycerin da lye [1].

Gyara bayanai

1, Ma'aunin haske mai haske na molar: 45.97

2. Girman molar (cm3/mol): 121.9

3, Ƙarfin Isotonic (90.2K): 326.1

4, Tashin hankali a saman (3.0 dyne/cm): 51.0

5, Rabon rarrabuwar kawuna (0.5 10-24cm3): 18.22 [1]

Yanayi da kwanciyar hankali

gyara

1. Toxicology yayi kama da phenol, kuma yana da ƙarfi sosai wajen lalata fata. Yana da matuƙar ɓata wa fata rai. Yana shiga cikin fata cikin sauƙi. Yana da guba ga zagayawar jini da koda. Bugu da ƙari, yana iya haifar da lalacewar cornea. Duk da cewa ba a san adadin da ke kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ba, akwai mace-mace sakamakon shafa a jiki na 3 zuwa 4g. Ya kamata a rufe kayan aikin samarwa kuma a hana zubewa, kuma a wanke su cikin lokaci idan an fesa su a fata. Ya kamata a sanya iska a wuraren aikin kuma kayan aikin su kasance masu hana iska shiga. Masu aiki su sanya kayan kariya.

2. Launi mai kama da na ajiya mai tsawo yana yin duhu a hankali, yana dawwama a cikin iska, amma idan aka fallasa shi ga rana a hankali yana yin duhu. Ana yin sublimation ta hanyar dumamawa, tare da warin phenol mai ban haushi.

3. yana cikin iskar gas mai ƙarfi. 4.

4. Ruwan da ke cikin ruwa ya zama kore tare da feric chloride [1].

Hanyar ajiya

gyara

1. An lulluɓe shi da jakunkunan filastik, jakunkuna ko jakunkunan saka, nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 50 ko 60 a kowace jaka.

2. Ajiyewa da jigilar kaya ya kamata su kasance masu hana wuta, masu hana danshi, masu hana fallasawa. A adana a wuri busasshe, mai iska. A adana kuma a kai su bisa ga ƙa'idodin kayan da ke iya kama da wuta da guba.

Hanyar roba

gyara

1. Ana yin sa ne daga naphthalene ta hanyar sulfonation da narkewar alkali. Narkewar alkali ta sulfonation hanya ce da ake amfani da ita sosai a gida da waje, amma tsatsa tana da tsanani, farashi yana da yawa kuma yawan iskar oxygen da ake sharar gida a cikin ruwan shara yana da yawa. Hanyar 2-isopropylnaphthalene da Kamfanin Cyanamid na Amurka ya ƙirƙiro tana ɗaukar naphthalene da propylene a matsayin kayan masarufi, kuma tana samar da samfuran 2-naphthol da acetone a lokaci guda, wanda yayi kama da yanayin phenol ta hanyar isopropylbenzene. Adadin amfani da kayan masarufi: 1170kg/t naphthalene mai kyau, 1080kg/t sulfuric acid, 700kg/t solid caustic soda.

2. A zafafa naphthalene mai narkewa zuwa 140℃, tare da rabon naphthalene:sulfuric acid = 1:1.085 (rabo na molar), na sulfuric acid na 98% a cikin minti 20, da kuma na sulfuric acid na 98% a cikin minti 20.

Amsar za ta ƙare ne lokacin da sinadarin 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid ya kai sama da kashi 66% kuma jimlar acid ɗin ya kai kashi 25%-27%, sannan za a yi aikin hydrolysis a 160℃ na tsawon awa 1, tururin ruwa zai hura naphthalenes kyauta a 140-150℃, sannan za a ƙara yawan naphthalenes 1.14 a hankali kuma daidai a 80-90℃ a gaba. Ana cire sinadarin sodium sulfite har sai takardar gwajin ja ta Congo ba ta canza shuɗi ba. Amsar iskar gas ɗin sulfur dioxide da aka samar cikin lokaci mai tsawo tare da cire tururi, samfuran da ke rage tasirin sinadarai sun sanyaya zuwa 35 ~ 40 ℃ masu sanyaya, suna tsotsar lu'ulu'u daga matatar da ruwan gishiri 10%, bushe, an ƙara su zuwa yanayin narkewar sodium hydroxide 98% a 300 ~ 310 ℃, suna juyawa kuma suna kiyaye su a 320 ~ 330 ℃, don haka tushen sodium 2-naphthalene sulfonate ya haɗu da sodium 2-naphthol, sannan a yi amfani da ruwan zafi don narke tushen, sannan a ratsa cikin abin da ke sama. Rage sinadarin sulfur dioxide da amsawar sinadarai ta haifar, amsawar acidification a 70 ~ 80 ℃ har sai phenolphthalein ya zama ba shi da launi. Kayayyakin acidification za su kasance masu daidaita launi, saman ruwan da aka dumama zuwa tafasa, mai tsauri, an raba shi zuwa Layer na ruwa, ɗanyen samfurin 2-naphthol da farko ana dumama shi, sannan distillation na decompression, zai iya zama tsantsar samfuri.

3. Hanyar cirewa da kuma amfani da lu'ulu'u don cire 1-naphthol a cikin 2-naphthol. A haɗa 2-naphthol da ruwa a wani rabo sannan a dumama zuwa 95℃, idan 2-naphthol ya narke, a juya cakuda sosai sannan a rage zafin zuwa 85℃ ko makamancin haka, a sanyaya samfurin lu'ulu'u mai lu'ulu'u zuwa zafin ɗaki sannan a tace. Ana iya gano abun da ke cikin 1-naphthol ta hanyar nazarin tsarki. 4.

Ana samar da shi ne daga sinadarin 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid ta hanyar narkewar alkali [2].

Hanyar ajiya

gyara

1. An lulluɓe shi da jakunkunan filastik, jakunkuna ko jakunkunan saka, nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 50 ko 60 a kowace jaka.

2. Ajiyewa da jigilar kaya ya kamata su kasance masu hana wuta, masu hana danshi, masu hana fallasawa. A adana a wuri busasshe, mai iska. A adana kuma a kai su bisa ga ƙa'idodin kayan da ke iya kama da wuta da guba.

Amfani

gyara

1. Muhimman kayan albarkatun ƙasa na halitta da kuma tsaka-tsakin rini, waɗanda ake amfani da su wajen ƙera tartaric acid, butyric acid, β-naphthol-3-carboxylic acid, kuma ana amfani da su wajen ƙera antioxidant butyl, antioxidant DNP da sauran antioxidants, Organic pigments da fungicides.

2. Ana amfani da shi azaman reagent don tantance sulfonamide da amines masu ƙanshi ta hanyar amfani da siraran chromatography. Hakanan ana amfani da shi don haɗakar kwayoyin halitta.

3. Ana amfani da shi don inganta rarrabuwar katifa, tsaftace lu'ulu'u da rage girman ramuka a cikin rufin tin mai acidic. Saboda yanayin hydrophobic na wannan samfurin, yawan abun ciki zai haifar da danshi da ruwan sama na gelatin, wanda ke haifar da zare a cikin farantin.

4. Ana amfani da shi sosai wajen samar da sinadarin acid orange Z, acid orange II, acid black ATT, acid mordant black T, acid mordant black A, acid mordant black R, acid complex pink B, acid complex ja brown BRRW, acid complex black WAN, phenol AS, phenol AS-D, phenol AS-OL, phenol AS-SW, active bright orange X-GN, active bright orange K-GN, active bright orange K-1613, active bright ja K-1613, active bright orange X-GN, active bright orange K-GN. Neutral Purple BL, Neutral BGL, Direct Copper Gishiri Blue 2R, Direct bright bright b2PL, Direct bright blue RG, Direct bright blue RW da sauran colors [2].

BAYANIN KWANGILA