Wanda kuma aka sani da dimethylaniline, mara launi zuwa launin rawaya mai haske, mai wari mai ban haushi, a cikin iska ko a ƙarƙashin rana, sauƙin amfani da iskar shaka yana zama mai zurfi. Yawan da ke tsakanin (20℃/4℃) 0.9555, wurin daskarewa 2.0℃, wurin tafasa 193℃, wurin walƙiya (buɗewa) 77℃, wurin ƙonewa 317℃, danko (25℃) 1.528 MPa ·s, ma'aunin haske (N20D) 1.5584. Yana narkewa a cikin ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene da sauran abubuwan narkewa na halitta. Zai iya narke nau'ikan mahaɗan halitta. Yana narkewa kaɗan a cikin ruwa. Mai kama da wuta, zai ƙone a cikin wuta, tururi da iska don samar da cakuda mai fashewa, iyakar fashewa na 1.2% ~ 7.0% (vol). Babban guba, babban rugujewar zafi na sakin iskar aniline mai guba. Ana iya sha ta fata kuma tana da guba, LD501410mg/kg, matsakaicin yawan iska da aka yarda da shi shine 5mg/m3.

Hanyoyin ajiya

1. Bayanan Ajiya [25] A adana a cikin ma'ajiyar ajiya mai sanyi da iska. A ajiye a nesa da wuta da zafi. A rufe akwati. Ya kamata a adana shi daban da acid, halogens da sinadarai na abinci, kuma kada a haɗa shi. A haɗa shi da nau'ikan kayan aikin kashe gobara iri-iri da adadin da ya dace. Ya kamata a sanya wurin ajiyar kayan aikin gaggawa na zubar da ruwa da kayan ajiya masu dacewa.

2. An rufe shi da ganga na ƙarfe, kilogiram 180 a kowace ganga. A adana a wuri mai sanyi da iska. A adana kuma a kai shi bisa ga ƙa'idodin abubuwan da ke ƙonewa da guba.

Hanyoyin roba

1. Ta hanyar aniline da methanol a gaban sulfuric acid, ta hanyar zafin jiki mai yawa da kuma matsin lamba mai yawa. Gudun tsari: 1. Ƙara kilogiram 790 na aniline, kilogiram 625 na methanol da kilogiram 85 na sulfuric acid (100% na ammonium) zuwa reactor, sarrafa zafin jiki na 210-215℃ da matsin lamba na 3.1MPa, amsa na tsawon awanni 4, sannan a saki matsin, a fitar da kayan zuwa ga mai rabawa, a rage shi da kashi 30% na sodium hydroxide, a tsaya, sannan a raba gishirin ammonium na ƙasa. Sannan a sami hydrolysis a 160℃, 0.7-0.9MPa na tsawon awanni 3, an haɗa hydrolysate da man sama tare da wanke ruwa da kuma tacewa don samun samfurin da aka gama.

2, tare da methanol da aniline a matsayin kayan masarufi, a ƙarƙashin yanayin methanol mai yawa, matsin lamba na yanayi, 200-250℃, ta hanyar haɗakar alumina catalyst. Adadin amfani da kayan masarufi: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, sulfuric acid 85kg/t. Shirye-shiryen dakin gwaje-gwaje na iya amsawa aniline tare da trimethyl phosphate.

3. An haɗa aniline da methanol (N aniline: N methanol ≈ 1:3) sannan aka saka su a cikin injin haɗa sinadarai da ke ɗauke da sinadarin catalyst a saurin sararin samaniya na 0.5h-1 ta hanyar famfon auna bugun jini mai juyawa. Ruwan da ke fitowa daga iskar gas da aka haɗa da gilashin, sannan aka fitar da ruwan da aka tara a ƙasan ɓangaren mai rabawa akai-akai don nazarin chromatographic.

4. A shekara ta 2001, Jami'ar Nankai da Kamfanin Ci gaban Kimiyya da Fasaha na Tianjin Ruikai sun haɗu suka ƙirƙiro wani mai haɓaka sinadarin aniline methylation don cimma haɗakar iskar gas ta N, N-dimethylaniline. Tsarin shine kamar haka: Bayan an haɗa aniline mai ruwa da methanol gwargwadon iko, ana tururi a cikin hasumiyar tururi sannan a shiga cikin injin reactor mai ƙarfin 0.5-1.0h-1 (gadon da aka gyara na injin reactor mai ƙarfin nanometer yana da mai ƙarfafa nanometer mai ƙarfi) don ci gaba da samarwa a zafin 250-300℃ da matsin lamba na yanayi. Yawan amfanin DMA ya wuce kashi 96%.

Hanyar tacewa: galibi tana ɗauke da aniline, N-methyl aniline da sauran ƙazanta. A lokacin tacewa,N, ana narkar da N-dimethylaniline a cikin 40% sulfuric acid kuma ana yin tacewa da tururi. Ana ƙara sodium hydroxide don ya zama mai sauƙi. Ana ci gaba da tacewa da tururi. Ana raba distillate ɗin zuwa wani Layer na ruwa sannan a busar da shi da potassium hydroxide. Distillation a matsin yanayi a gaban acetic anhydride. An wanke distillate ɗin da ruwa don cire ɗan ƙaramin adadin acetic anhydride, sannan a busar da shi da potassium hydroxide, sannan a bi shi da barium oxide da distillation da aka matse a cikin rafin nitrogen. Sauran hanyoyin tacewa sun haɗa da ƙara 10% acetic anhydride da reflux na tsawon awanni da yawa don cire amines na farko da na sakandare. Bayan sanyaya, ƙara 20% hydrochloric acid da aka cire tare da ether. An yi Layer ɗin hydrochloric acid alkaline ta hanyar ƙara alkali, sannan a cire shi da ether. An busar da Layer ɗin ether da potassium hydroxide sannan a tace a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba a ƙarƙashin nitrogen. Ana iya canza N, N-dimethylaniline zuwa picronate, a sake mayar da shi wurin narkewa akai-akai tare da ruwan sodium hydroxide mai dumi 10% don ya ruguje picronate. A cire shi da ether, a wanke da ruwa sannan a busar da shi bayan an tace shi.

5. Ana haɗa Aniline, methanol da sulfuric acid gwargwadon iko sannan a haɗa su a cikin autoclave. Bayan an dawo da samfurin amsawar ta hanyar rage matsin lamba, ana ƙara alkali don rage zafi, rabuwa, sannan ana samun samfurin ta hanyar tacewa ta hanyar amfani da injin tacewa.

6. Haɗarin methylation na aniline da trimethyl phosphate na iya samar da N, N-dimethylaniline: sannan a cire su da ether, busasshiyar distillation.

7. Ana iya haɗa N, N-dimethylaniline ta hanyar ƙara cakuda aniline da methanol a rabo na 1∶ 3.5 a cikin wani ma'aunin catalytic na Cu-Mn ko Cu-Zn-Cr Ziegler catalyst a 280℃. Ana tattara sakamakon N, N-dimethylaniline a cikin sashin distillation na faranti 54 a cikin kewayon 193 zuwa 195℃ kuma a saka shi cikin kwalaben gilashi masu launin ruwan kasa. Don shiri, ana iya amfani da chromatography tsantsa N, N-dimethylaniline, nitrogen don zama iskar gas mai ɗaukar kaya, a cikin shirye-shiryen chromatography na gas tare da ginshiƙin Ben 犅 yaku wanda aka allurar gyara N, N-dimethylaniline, ta hanyar rabuwa da tarin babban ɓangaren kololuwar, sannan a sanya hatimin a cikin gilashin gilashi.

Babban manufar

1. Ɗaya daga cikin kayan aiki na asali don samar da rini na tushen gishiri (rini na triphenyl methane, da sauransu) da rini na asali, manyan nau'ikan sune rawaya mai haske, launin alkaline purple 5GN, kore alkaline, shuɗin tafkin alkaline, ja mai haske 5GN, shuɗi mai haske, da sauransu. N, N-dimethylaniline a masana'antar magunguna don ƙera cephalosporin V, sulfamilamide B-methoxymidine, sulfamilamide dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, da sauransu, a masana'antar ƙanshi don ƙera vanillin, da sauransu. 2. Ana amfani da shi azaman mai narkewa, mai kiyaye ƙarfe, wakilin warkarwa na epoxy resin, mai warkar da hanzarin polyester resin, mai haɓaka don polymerization na mahaɗan ethylene, da sauransu. Hakanan ana amfani da shi wajen shirya rini na triphenyl methane na asali, rini na azo da vanillin. 3. Ana amfani da wannan samfurin azaman mai haɓaka don yin robobi na kumfa polyurethane tare da mahaɗan tin na halitta. Hakanan ana amfani da shi azaman mai haɓaka vulcanization na roba, abubuwan fashewa, kayan albarkatun magunguna. Yana ɗaya daga cikin kayan aiki na asali don samar da rini na tushen tushe (rini na triphenyl methane, da sauransu) da rini na asali. Manyan nau'ikan sune rawaya mai haske, basic purple BN, basic green, basic lake blue, brilliant red 5GN, brilliant blue, da sauransu. N, N-dimethylaniline a masana'antar magunguna don ƙera cephalosporin V, sulfamilamide N-methoxymidine, sulfamilamide - dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, da sauransu, a masana'antar ƙanshi don ƙera vanillin, da sauransu. 4. Ana amfani da shi azaman mai hanzarta warkar da epoxy resin, polyester resin da anaerobic manne, don a iya warkar da manne anaerobic da sauri. Hakanan ana iya amfani da shi azaman mai narkewa, mai haɓaka polymerization na mahaɗan ethylene, mai kiyaye ƙarfe, mai shan ultraviolet don kayan kwalliya, mai haskaka haske, da sauransu. Hakanan ana amfani da shi wajen ƙera rini na asali, rini na warwatse, rini na acid, rini mai narkewa da kayan ƙanshi (vanillin) da sauran kayan masarufi. 5. Ana amfani da sinadarin reagent don tantance sinadarin nitrite ta hanyar amfani da na'urar photometric. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman mai narkewa da kuma a cikin hadakar sinadarai. 6. Ana amfani da shi azaman mai tsaka-tsaki na rini, mai narkewa, mai daidaita, mai nazarin sinadarai.