Har ila yau, aka sani da dimethylaniline, marar launi zuwa haske mai launin ruwan rawaya mai launin rawaya, wari mai ban haushi, a cikin iska ko a ƙarƙashin rana sauƙin iskar oxygen amfani Ze zama mai zurfi. Dangantaka yawa (20 ℃ / 4 ℃) 0.9555, daskarewa batu 2.0 ℃, tafasar batu 193 ℃, flash batu (bude) 77 ℃, ƙonewa batu 317 ℃, danko (25 ℃) 1.528 MPa 8.528 MPa · 8. . Mai narkewa a cikin ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene da sauran kaushi na halitta. Zai iya narkar da nau'ikan mahadi iri-iri. Dan kadan mai narkewa cikin ruwa. Flammable, zai ƙone a buɗe wuta, tururi da iska don samar da wani abu mai fashewa, iyakar fashewar 1.2% ~ 7.0% (vol). Babban mai guba, babban bazuwar thermal na sakin iskar aniline mai guba. Za a iya tunawa ta hanyar fata da mai guba, LD501410mg / kg, matsakaicin iyakar da aka yarda a cikin iska shine 5mg / m3.

Hanyoyin ajiya

1. Bayanan ajiya [25] Ajiye a cikin ɗakin ajiya mai sanyi, mai iska. Ka nisantar da wuta da zafi. Ajiye akwati a rufe. Ya kamata a adana shi daban daga acid, halogens da sinadarai na abinci, kuma kada a haɗa su. Samar da daidaitattun iri-iri da adadin kayan yaƙin kashe gobara. Wurin ajiya ya kamata a sanye shi da kayan aikin jinya na gaggawa da kayan ajiya masu dacewa.

2. Rufe a cikin ganga na ƙarfe, 180kg kowace ganga. Ajiye a wuri mai sanyi da iska. Ajiye da jigilar kaya bisa ga ka'idojin abubuwa masu ƙonewa da masu guba

Hanyoyin roba

1. Ta aniline da methanol a gaban sulfuric acid, ta hanyar yawan zafin jiki da kuma matsa lamba. Tsari ya kwarara: 1. Add 790kg na aniline, 625kg na methanol da 85kg na sulfuric acid (100% na ammonium) zuwa reactor, sarrafa zazzabi 210-215 ℃ da matsa lamba 3.1MPa, amsa ga 4h, sa'an nan saki matsa lamba, Fitar da kayan zuwa mai rabawa, kawar da shi tare da 30% sodium hydroxide, tsayawa, kuma raba ƙananan gishirin ammonium na quaternary. Sa'an nan hydrolysis dauki a 160 ℃, 0.7-0.9MPa for 3h, sakamakon hydrolyzate da babba man da aka hade da ruwa wanka da injin distillation don samun ƙãre samfurin.

2, tare da methanol da aniline a matsayin albarkatun kasa, a karkashin yanayin wuce kima methanol, yanayi matsa lamba, 200-250 ℃, ta hanyar alumina kara kuzari kira. Ƙimar amfani da albarkatun kasa: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, sulfuric acid 85kg/t. Shirye-shiryen dakin gwaje-gwaje na iya amsa aniline tare da trimethyl phosphate.

3. Mixed aniline da methanol (N aniline: N methanol ≈ 1: 3) da kuma allura a cikin reactor sanye take da mai kara kuzari a sarari gudun 0.5h-1 ta hanyar reciprocating ba bugun jini metering famfo. Ruwan da ke fitowa ya fara shiga cikin gilashin gas-ruwa mai raba ruwa, kuma ruwan da aka tattara a ƙananan ɓangaren mai rarraba ana fitar dashi akai-akai don nazarin chromatographic.

4. A 2001, Nankai University da Tianjin Ruikai Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd tare ɓullo da wani sosai m aniline methylation kara kuzari gane gas lokaci kira na N, N-dimethylaniline. Tsarin shine kamar haka: Bayan an haɗa ruwa aniline tare da methanol daidai gwargwado, ana yin turɓaya a cikin hasumiya mai vaporization sannan a shigar da shi cikin injin tubular mai saurin sarari na 0.5-1.0h-1 (daidaitaccen gado na injin tubular reactor). sanye take da goyan bayan nanometer m kara kuzari) don ci gaba da samarwa a 250-300 ℃ da kuma yanayi matsa lamba. Yawan amfanin DMA yana sama da 96%.

Hanyar tacewa: sau da yawa ya ƙunshi aniline, N-methyl aniline da sauran ƙazanta. A lokacin tacewa, N-dimethylaniline yana narkar da a cikin 40% sulfuric acid kuma ana aiwatar da distillation tururi. Ana ƙara sodium hydroxide don sanya shi asali. Distillation na tururi ya ci gaba. An raba distillate a cikin wani ruwa mai ruwa kuma an bushe shi da potassium hydroxide. Distillation a matsa lamba na yanayi a gaban acetic anhydride. An wanke distillate da ruwa don cire yawan adadin acetic anhydride, sannan a bushe da potassium hydroxide, sannan barium oxide ya biyo baya da distillation a cikin rafin nitrogen. Sauran hanyoyin tsaftacewa sun haɗa da ƙara 10% acetic anhydride da reflux na sa'o'i da yawa don cire amines na farko da na sakandare. Bayan sanyaya, ƙara fiye da 20% hydrochloric acid kuma cire tare da ether. An sanya Layer acid hydrochloric acid ta hanyar ƙara alkali, sa'an nan kuma fitar da ether. An bushe Layer ether tare da potassium hydroxide sannan a distilled a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba a ƙarƙashin nitrogen. N, N-dimethylaniline kuma za'a iya canza shi zuwa picronate, recrystallized zuwa wurin narkewa akai-akai tare da dumi 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous bayani don lalata picronate. Cire tare da ether, wanke da ruwa kuma a bushe bayan injin distillation.

5. Aniline, methanol da sulfuric acid an hade su daidai kuma an haɗa su a cikin autoclave. Bayan an dawo da samfurin amsawa ta hanyar rage matsin lamba, ana ƙara alkali don neutralization, rabuwa, sa'an nan kuma ana samun samfurin ta hanyar distillation.

6. Halin methylation na aniline da trimethyl phosphate na iya samar da N, N-dimethylaniline: sa'an nan kuma cirewa tare da ether, bushe distillation.

7. N, N-dimethylaniline za a iya haɗawa ta hanyar ƙara cakuda aniline da methanol a cikin rabo na 1∶ 3.5 a cikin gado na catalytic na Cu-Mn ko Cu-Zn-Cr Ziegler mai haɓakawa a 280 ℃. Sakamakon N, N-dimethylaniline an tattara shi a cikin sashin distillation na faranti 54 a cikin kewayon 193 zuwa 195 ℃ kuma an cushe cikin kwalabe na gilashin ruwan kasa. Don shirye-shiryen chromatography tsarki N, N-dimethylaniline, nitrogen na iya zama iskar mai ɗaukar nauyi, a cikin shirye-shiryen chromatography gas tare da shafi Ben 犅 yaku allura da gyaran N, N-dimethylaniline, ta hanyar rabuwa da tarin babban ɓangaren ɓangaren kololuwa, sannan a cikin gilashin ampoule hatimi na iya zama.

Babban manufar

1. Daya daga cikin asali albarkatun kasa don samar da gishiri tushe dyes (triphenyl methane dyes, da dai sauransu) da kuma asali dyes, babban iri ne alkaline haske rawaya, alkaline purple 5GN, alkaline kore, alkaline lake blue, m ja 5GN. m blue, da dai sauransu N, N-dimethylaniline a cikin Pharmaceutical masana'antu domin yi na cephalosporin V, sulfamilamide B-methoxymidine, sulfamilamide dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, da dai sauransu, a cikin kamshi masana'antu domin yi na vanillin, da dai sauransu 2. An yi amfani da matsayin wani ƙarfi, karfe preservative, curing wakili na epoxy guduro, curing totur na polyester guduro, kara kuzari ga polymerization na ethylene mahadi, da dai sauransu Har ila yau, ana amfani da a shirye-shiryen na asali triphenyl methane dyes, azo dyes da vanillin. 3. Ana amfani da wannan samfurin azaman mai kara kuzari don yin filastik kumfa polyurethane tare da mahaɗan gwangwani na halitta. Har ila yau, ana amfani da shi azaman mai haɓaka ɓarna na roba, abubuwan fashewa, albarkatun magunguna. Yana daya daga cikin kayan aiki na asali don samar da dyes na tushen tushe (triphenyl methane dyes, da dai sauransu) da kuma dyes na asali. Babban nau'ikan nau'ikan sune rawaya mai haske mai haske, BN na asali, kore mai tushe, ruwan shuɗi na asali, ja 5GN mai haske, shuɗi mai haske, da sauransu N, N-dimethylaniline a cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna don kera cephalosporin V, sulfamilamide N-methoxymidine, sulfamilamide. - dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, da dai sauransu, a cikin masana'antar ƙamshi don kera vanillin, da sauransu. Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi azaman mai ƙarfi, mai haɓakawa don polymerization na mahadi na ethylene, mai kiyaye ƙarfe na ƙarfe, mai ɗaukar ultraviolet don kayan kwalliya, mai haske mai haske, da sauransu. dyes mai narkewa da kayan yaji (vanillin) da sauran kayan abinci. 5. Reagent da ake amfani dashi don tantance kayyade nitrite. Hakanan ana amfani dashi azaman ƙarfi kuma a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta. 6. An yi amfani da shi azaman tsaka-tsakin rini, ƙarfi, stabilizer, reagent na nazari.