Manyan hanyoyin guda shida na yadi

1. Saurin sauƙi

Hasken da ke fitowa daga haske yana nufin matakin canza launin yadudduka masu launi ta hanyar hasken rana. Hanyar gwaji na iya zama fallasa rana ko fallasa na'urar hasken rana. Ana kwatanta matakin shuɗewar samfurin bayan fallasa da samfurin launi na yau da kullun. An raba shi zuwa matakai 8, 8 shine mafi kyau, kuma 1 shine mafi muni. Bai kamata a fallasa masaku masu ƙarancin haske ga rana na dogon lokaci ba, kuma ya kamata a sanya su a wuri mai iska don bushewa a cikin inuwa.

2. Tsawaita gogewa

Tsawaita gogewa yana nufin matakin canza launin yadudduka masu launi bayan gogewa, wanda za'a iya raba shi zuwa busasshiyar gogewa da kuma gogewa da ruwa. Ana kimanta tsawaita gogewa bisa ga matakin launin fararen zane, kuma an raba shi zuwa matakai 5 (1~5). Girman ƙimar, mafi kyawun tsawaita gogewa. Rayuwar sabis na masaku masu ƙarancin tsawaita gogewa tana da iyaka.

3. Saurin wankewa

Wankewa ko sabulun wankewa yana nufin matakin canza launi na masaku masu launi bayan an wanke su da ruwan wankewa. Yawanci, ana amfani da katin samfurin launin toka mai daraja a matsayin ma'aunin kimantawa, wato, bambancin launi tsakanin samfurin asali da samfurin da ya shuɗe ana amfani da shi don yanke hukunci. Ana raba ƙarfin wankewa zuwa maki 5, maki 5 shine mafi kyau kuma maki 1 shine mafi muni. Ya kamata a tsaftace masaku masu ƙarancin ƙarfin wankewa da bushewa. Idan an wanke su da ruwa, ya kamata a kula da yanayin wankewa sosai, kamar zafin wankewa bai kamata ya yi yawa ba kuma lokacin bai kamata ya yi tsayi ba.

4. Saurin yin guga

Tsarin guga yana nufin matakin canza launi ko shuɗewar masaku masu launi yayin guga. Ana kimanta matakin canza launi da shuɗewa ta hanyar shafa tabo na ƙarfen a kan sauran masaku a lokaci guda. Ana raba ƙarfin guga zuwa aji 1 zuwa 5, inda aji 5 shine mafi kyau, kuma aji 1 shine mafi muni. Lokacin gwada ƙarfin guga na masaku daban-daban, ya kamata a zaɓi zafin ƙarfen da aka yi amfani da shi don gwajin.

5. Gufi mai sauri

Saurin gumi yana nufin matakin canza launin masaku da aka rina bayan an nutsar da su cikin gumi. Saurin gumi ba iri ɗaya bane da tsarin gumi da aka shirya da hannu, don haka gabaɗaya ana kimanta shi tare da sauran launukan da aka yi amfani da su baya ga wani ma'auni daban. Saurin gumi yana kasu kashi 1-5, girman ƙimar, mafi kyau.

6. Saurin sublimation

Saurin sublimation yana nufin matakin sublimation na yadudduka masu launi a cikin ajiya. Ana kimanta saurin sublimation ta hanyar katin samfurin launin toka don tantance matakin canza launi, shuɗewa da kuma tabon farin zane bayan an yi amfani da shi wajen matsewa da zafi. Akwai maki 5, 1 shine mafi muni, kuma 5 shine mafi kyau. Ana buƙatar ƙarfin rini na yadudduka na yau da kullun don isa matakin 3-4 don biyan buƙatun sakawa.

, Yadda ake sarrafa saurin gudu daban-daban

Ana iya nuna ikon yadi na riƙe launinsa na asali bayan an yi rini ta hanyar gwada ƙarfin launuka daban-daban. Alamun da aka fi amfani da su don gwada ƙarfin rini sun haɗa da ƙarfin wanke yadi, saurin gogewa, saurin rana, saurin sublimation da sauransu. Mafi kyawun saurin wankewa, gogewa, rana da sublimation na yadi, mafi kyawun ƙarfin rini na yadi.

Akwai manyan abubuwa guda biyu da ke shafar saurin da ke sama:

Na farko shine halayen rini

Na biyu shine tsarin rini da kuma tsarin kammalawa

Zaɓar rini masu kyawawan halaye shine tushen inganta rini mai ƙarfi, kuma ƙirƙirar rini mai kyau da fasahar ƙarewa ita ce mabuɗin tabbatar da rini mai ƙarfi. Dukansu biyun suna dacewa da juna kuma ba za a iya daidaita su ba.

Saurin wankewa

Tsarin wanke masaku ya ƙunshi fannoni biyu: saurin bushewa da kuma saurin tabo. Gabaɗaya, mafi muni saurin lalacewa na masaku, mafi muni saurin tabo.

Lokacin gwada daidaiton launi na yadi, zaku iya tantance bambancin launi na zare ta hanyar gwada launin zare akan zare shida na yadi da aka fi amfani da su (zare shida na yadi da aka fi amfani da su yawanci sun haɗa da polyester, nailan, auduga, acetate, ulu ko siliki, acrylic fiber. Kimanin zare shida na gwajin daidaiton launi da aka yi wa fenti gabaɗaya ta ƙwararren kamfanin dubawa mai zaman kansa don kammalawa, wannan gwajin yana da rashin son kai) don samfuran zare na cellulose, daidaiton wanke-wanke na rini mai amsawa ya fi rini kai tsaye, rini mai azo mara narkewa da rini mai VAT da sulfur tsarin rini idan aka kwatanta da rini mai amsawa da rini kai tsaye ya fi rikitarwa, don haka rini na baya uku mafi kyau. Saboda haka, don inganta daidaiton wanke-wanke na samfuran zare na cellulose, ba wai kawai ya zama dole a zaɓi rini mai dacewa ba, har ma a zaɓi tsarin rini mai dacewa. Ƙarfafawa mai dacewa na wanke-wanke, gyarawa da sabulu na iya inganta daidaiton wanke-wanke.

Dangane da launin da aka tattara sosai na zare na polyester, matuƙar an rage masa kuma an tsaftace shi sosai, saurin wankewa bayan an yi rini zai iya biyan buƙatun abokin ciniki. Amma saboda yawancin masana'anta na polyester ta hanyar pad cationic organic silicon softener cikakke don inganta masakar yana jin laushi, a lokaci guda, jinsin anion a cikin masu rarraba fenti don rini a cikin masana'anta na polyester tare da babban zafin jiki don kammala ƙirar da za ta iya canja wurin zafi da yaɗuwa a saman zare, don haka siffar masana'anta mai launi mai zurfi bayan wankewa na iya zama ba ta da cancanta. Wannan yana buƙatar zaɓar rini masu rarrabawa ba wai kawai la'akari da saurin sublimation na rini masu rarrabawa ba, har ma da la'akari da canja wurin zafi na rini masu rarrabawa. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don gwada saurin wanke masaka, bisa ga ƙa'idodin gwaji daban-daban don gwada saurin wanke masaka, za mu sami ƙarshen sashen.

Idan abokan ciniki na ƙasashen waje suka gabatar da takamaiman ma'aunin saurin wankewa, idan za su iya gabatar da takamaiman ƙa'idodin gwaji, zai taimaka wajen sadar da sadarwa mai kyau tsakanin ɓangarorin biyu. Ingantaccen wankewa da bayan an yi masa magani na iya inganta saurin wanke masaku, amma kuma yana ƙara yawan rage yawan rini a masana'antar rini. Nemo wasu sabulun wanke-wanke masu inganci, tsara rini da tsarin kammalawa yadda ya kamata, da kuma ƙarfafa bincike kan tsarin aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci ba wai kawai zai iya inganta ingancin samarwa ba, har ma yana ba da gudummawa ga tanadin makamashi da rage fitar da hayaki.

saurin gogayya

Tsaftacewar yadi iri ɗaya ne da tsaftacewar wanke-wanke, wanda ya haɗa da fannoni biyu:

Ɗaya shine ƙarfin goge busasshe ɗayan kuma ƙarfin goge busasshe. Yana da matukar dacewa a duba ƙarfin goge busasshe da ƙarfin goge busasshe na yadi ta hanyar kwatantawa da katin samfurin canza launi da katin samfurin fenti mai launi. Gabaɗaya, matakin ƙarfin goge busasshe ya fi na ƙarfin goge busasshe girma yayin duba ƙarfin goge busasshen yadi mai launin mai zurfi. Yadi mai launi kai tsaye da aka rina kai tsaye baƙi misali, kodayake ta hanyar maganin gyara launi mai tasiri, amma ƙarfin goge busasshe da ƙarfin goge busasshe ba shi da yawa, wani lokacin ba zai iya cika buƙatun abokin ciniki ba. Domin inganta saurin gogewa, ana amfani da rina mai amsawa, rinayen VAT da rinayen azo marasa narkewa galibi don rina. Ƙarfafa tantance rina, maganin gyarawa da wanke sabulu matakai ne masu tasiri don inganta saurin gogewa na yadi. Domin inganta saurin goge busasshen yadi mai zurfi mai zurfi, ana iya zaɓar ƙarin taimako na musamman don inganta saurin goge busasshen yadi, kuma a bayyane yake cewa ƙarfin goge busasshen yadi za a iya inganta shi ta hanyar tsoma ƙarin taimako na musamman a cikin samfuran da aka gama.

Ga samfuran duhu na zare mai sinadarai, ana iya inganta ƙarfin gogewar da ke cikin samfuran ta hanyar ƙara ƙaramin adadin sinadarin fluorine mai hana ruwa shiga lokacin da aka gama samfurin. Lokacin da aka rina zaren polyamide da rini mai acid, ana iya inganta ƙarfin gogewar da ke cikin yadin polyamide ta hanyar amfani da wani wakili na musamman na zaren nailan. Ana iya rage ƙarfin gogewar da ke cikin yadin a gwajin ƙarfin gogewar da ke cikin yadin da aka gama duhu saboda gajerun zaren da ke saman yadin da aka gama za su bayyana a fili fiye da na sauran samfuran.

Saurin hasken rana

Hasken rana yana da nau'i biyu na raƙuman ruwa da barbashi kuma yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi akan tsarin kwayoyin halitta na dyestuff ta hanyar canja wurin makamashi a cikin siffar photon.

Idan aka lalata tsarin asali na ɓangaren chromogenic na tsarin rini ta hanyar photons, launin hasken da jikin rini ke fitarwa zai canza, yawanci launin yana zama mai haske, har sai ya zama babu launi. Canjin launi na rini ya fi bayyana a yanayin hasken rana, kuma saurin rini ya fi muni. Domin inganta saurin rini zuwa hasken rana, masana'antun rini sun ɗauki hanyoyi da yawa. Ƙara nauyin kwayoyin halitta na rini, ƙara damar haɗuwa a cikin rini, ƙara haɗin gwiwa na rini da tsawon tsarin haɗin gwiwa na iya inganta saurin haske na rini.

Ga rini na phthalocyanine, waɗanda za su iya isa ga ƙarfin haske na mataki na 8, ana iya inganta haske da saurin haske na rini ta hanyar ƙara ions na ƙarfe masu dacewa a cikin rini da tsarin ƙarewa don samar da ƙwayoyin halitta masu rikitarwa a cikin rini. Ga yadi, zaɓin rini masu ingantaccen saurin rana shine mabuɗin inganta matakin saurin rana na samfuran. Ba a bayyane yake ba ne inganta saurin rana na yadi ta hanyar canza rini da tsarin ƙarewa.

Saurin Sublimation

Dangane da rini mai warwatse, ƙa'idar rini ta zaruruwan polyester ta bambanta da sauran rini, don haka saurin sublimation zai iya bayyana kai tsaye juriyar zafi na rini mai warwatse.

Ga wasu rini, gwada ƙarfin goge rini da gwada ƙarfin goge rini yana da irin wannan ma'ana. Juriyar rini ga ƙarfin goge rini ba ta da kyau, a yanayin zafi mai bushewa, yanayin tauri na rini yana da sauƙin raba kai tsaye daga cikin zare a yanayin iskar gas. Don haka a wannan ma'anar, ƙarfin goge rini na iya bayyana ƙarfin goge yadi a kaikaice.

Domin inganta saurin sublimation na fenti, dole ne mu fara daga waɗannan fannoni:

1, na farko shine zaɓin rini

Nauyin kwayoyin halitta ya fi girma, kuma tsarin rini na asali yana kama da ko kuma yayi kama da tsarin zare, wanda zai iya inganta saurin sublimation na yadi.

2, na biyu shine inganta rini da tsarin kammalawa

A rage yawan lu'ulu'u na ɓangaren lu'ulu'u na tsarin macromolecular na zare gaba ɗaya, a inganta lu'ulu'u na yankin amorphous, ta yadda lu'ulu'u tsakanin cikin zare ɗin ya zama iri ɗaya, don haka rini ya shiga cikin zare ɗin, kuma haɗin da ke tsakanin zare ɗin ya fi daidaito. Wannan ba wai kawai zai iya inganta matakin daidaita ba, har ma ya inganta saurin rini na sublimation. Idan lu'ulu'u na kowane ɓangare na zare bai daidaita ba, yawancin rini yana nan a cikin tsarin da ba shi da sassauƙa na yankin amorphous, to a cikin yanayi mai tsanani na yanayi na waje, rini kuma yana iya rabuwa da yankin amorphous na ciki na zare, sublimation zuwa saman masakar, ta haka rage saurin sublimation na yadi.

Gyara da kuma gyara masaku na auduga da kuma gyara masaku na polyester kafin a rage girmansu da kuma gyara masaku na polyester duk hanyoyi ne da za a bi don daidaita kyallen da ke cikin zare. Bayan an goge masaku na auduga, bayan an rage girmansu da kuma an riga an ƙayyade masaku na polyester, zurfin rini da kuma saurin rini za a iya inganta shi sosai.

Ana iya inganta ƙarfin sublimation na masakar a bayyane ta hanyar ƙarfafa bayan an yi amfani da shi da kuma wankewa da kuma cire ƙarin launin saman da ke iyo. Ana iya inganta ƙarfin sublimation na masakar a bayyane ta hanyar rage zafin saitin yadda ya kamata. Matsalar rage daidaiton girma na masakar da sanyaya ke haifarwa za a iya rama ta hanyar rage saurin saitin yadda ya kamata. Ya kamata a kuma kula da tasirin ƙarin abubuwa akan ƙarfin rini lokacin da aka zaɓi wakilin gamawa. Misali, lokacin da ake amfani da masu laushi na cationic a cikin kammala laushi na masakar polyester, ƙaurawar zafi na launukan warwatse na iya haifar da gwajin saurin sublimation na launukan warwatse. Daga mahangar nau'in rini na warwatse da kansa, rini mai yawan zafin jiki yana da mafi kyawun saurin sublimation.