. Babban saurin yadi guda shida

1. Sautin haske

Sautin haske yana nufin matakin canza launin yadudduka masu launi ta hasken rana. Hanyar gwaji na iya zama fitowar rana ko fallasa na'urar hasken rana. Matsakaicin raguwa na samfurin bayan bayyanar an kwatanta shi da daidaitaccen samfurin launi. An raba shi zuwa matakai 8, 8 shine mafi kyau, kuma 1 shine mafi muni. Yadudduka da rashin saurin haske bai kamata a fallasa su zuwa rana na dogon lokaci ba, kuma a sanya su a wuri mai iska don bushewa a cikin inuwa.

2. Saurin shafa

Saurin gogewa yana nufin matakin canza launi na yadudduka rina bayan shafa, wanda za'a iya raba shi zuwa busasshen shafa da rigar shafa. Ana ƙididdige saurin gogewa dangane da matakin ɗigon farar zane, kuma an raba shi zuwa matakan 5 (1 ~ 5). Mafi girman ƙimar, mafi kyawun saurin gogewa. Rayuwar sabis na yadudduka tare da saurin shafa mara kyau yana iyakance.

3. saurin wankewa

Wankewa ko saurin sabulu yana nufin matakin canjin launi na yadudduka rina bayan wankewa da ruwan wanka. Yawancin lokaci, ana amfani da katin samfurin launin toka mai launin toka azaman ma'auni, wato, ana amfani da bambancin launi tsakanin samfurin asali da samfurin da ya ɓace don yanke hukunci. An raba saurin wankin zuwa maki 5, aji na 5 shine mafi kyau sannan 1 shine mafi muni. Ya kamata a tsabtace yadudduka tare da saurin wankewa mara kyau. Idan an wanke su da ruwa, ya kamata a mai da hankali sosai ga yanayin wanka, kamar zafin wanka bai kamata ya yi yawa ba kuma lokaci bai kamata ya yi tsawo ba.

4. Guguwar guguwa

Ƙaƙƙarfan baƙin ƙarfe yana nufin matakin canza launin ko dusasshiyar yadudduka rini yayin guga. Ana ƙididdige matakin canza launi da faɗuwa ta hanyar tabon ƙarfe na wasu yadudduka a lokaci guda. An raba saurin baƙin ƙarfe zuwa maki 1 zuwa 5, tare da aji na 5 shine mafi kyau kuma sa 1 shine mafi muni. Lokacin gwada saurin ƙarfe na masana'anta daban-daban, yakamata a zaɓi zafin ƙarfen da aka yi amfani da shi don gwajin.

5. saurin zufa

Saurin zufa yana nufin matakin canza launin yadudduka rina bayan an nutsar da su cikin gumi. Gudun zufa ba ɗaya bane da kayan aikin gumi da aka shirya ta wucin gadi, don haka gabaɗaya ana ƙididdige shi a haɗe tare da sauran ɗaurin launi ban da ma'auni daban. An raba saurin gumi zuwa maki 1 ~ 5, mafi girman ƙimar, mafi kyau.

6. Sautin Sublimation

Sautin Sublimation yana nufin matakin sublimation na yadudduka rini a cikin ajiya. The sublimation fastness aka kimanta da launin toka graded samfurin katin ga mataki na discoloration, Fading da tabo daga cikin farin zane bayan bushe zafi latsa magani. Akwai maki 5, 1 shine mafi muni, kuma 5 shine mafi kyau. Ana buƙatar saurin rini na yadudduka na yau da kullun don isa matakin 3 ~ 4 don saduwa da buƙatun sawa.

, Yadda ake sarrafa sauri daban-daban

Ƙarfin saƙar don riƙe ainihin launi bayan rini ana iya nuna shi ta gwaji don saurin launi daban-daban. Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su don gwada saurin rini sun haɗa da saurin wanke masana'anta, saurin shafa, saurin rana, saurin sublimation da sauransu. Mafi kyawun saurin wankewa, shafa, rana da ƙaddamar da masana'anta, mafi kyawun rini na masana'anta.

Akwai manyan abubuwa guda biyu masu shafar saurin da ke sama:

Na farko shine kaddarorin rini

Na biyu shine tsarin yin rini da gamawa

Zaɓin zaɓin rini tare da kyawawan kaddarorin shine tushen don inganta saurin rini, da kuma samar da ingantaccen rini da fasahar gamawa shine mabuɗin don tabbatar da saurin rini. Dukan biyun suna daidaita juna kuma ba za a iya daidaita su ba.

saurin wankewa

Saurin wanki na masana'anta ya haɗa da abubuwa biyu: saurin bushewa da saurin tabo. Gabaɗaya, mafi munin faɗuwar saurin saƙar, mafi munin saurin tabo.

Lokacin gwada saurin launi na kayan yadi, zaku iya tantance launi na fiber ta hanyar gwada launin launi na fiber akan filayen yadi guda shida da aka saba amfani da su (filayen yadin da aka saba amfani da su galibi sun haɗa da polyester, nailan, auduga, acetate, ulu ko siliki, acrylic fiber kusan shida zaruruwa tabo launi azumi gwajin gaba ɗaya ta ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun bincike don kammalawa, wannan gwajin yana da ingantacciyar rashin son zuciya) don samfuran fiber cellulose, saurin wanke rini mai amsawa ya fi rini kai tsaye, rini na azo da ba za a iya narkewa ba da rini na VAT da rini na sulfur dangane da rini mai aiki da rini kai tsaye ya fi rikitarwa, don haka baya uku mafi kyawun saurin wanke rini. Sabili da haka, don inganta saurin wanke kayan fiber cellulose, ba kawai wajibi ne don zaɓar launi mai kyau ba, har ma don zaɓar tsarin rini. Ƙarfafa da ya dace na wankewa, gyarawa da sabulun wanka na iya ƙara haɓaka saurin wankewa.

Amma ga launi mai zurfi na fiber polyester, idan dai an rage yawan masana'anta da tsaftacewa, saurin wankewa bayan rini na iya saduwa da bukatun abokin ciniki. Amma saboda mafi yawan polyester masana'anta ta kushin cationic Organic silicon softener cikakken gama don inganta masana'anta ji taushi, a lokaci guda, da anion jima'i a tarwatsa rini dispersants ga dyes a polyester masana'anta tare da high zafin jiki don kammala zane da zai iya zafi canja wuri da kuma yaduwa a cikin fiber surface, don haka zurfin launi polyester masana'anta siffar bayan wanke azumi zai iya zama m. Wannan yana buƙatar zaɓi na tarwatsa dyes ya kamata ba kawai la'akari da saurin sublimation na dyes masu tarwatsawa ba, amma kuma la'akari da canjin zafi na tarwatsa dyes. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don gwada saurin wanki na yadudduka, bisa ga ka'idodin gwaji daban-daban don gwada saurin wanki, za mu sami ƙarshen sashin.

Lokacin da abokan cinikin ƙasashen waje suka gabatar da ƙayyadaddun alamun saurin wankewa, idan za su iya gabatar da ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodin gwaji, zai zama da amfani ga ingantaccen sadarwa tsakanin ɓangarorin biyu. Ingantattun wanki da bayan jiyya na iya inganta saurin wanki na masana'anta, amma kuma yana ƙara raguwar masana'antar rini. Nemo wasu ingantattun kayan wanke-wanke, da daidaita tsarin rini da ƙarewa, da ƙarfafa bincike kan tsari na ɗan gajeren lokaci ba zai iya inganta haɓakar samarwa kawai ba, har ma yana ba da gudummawa ga ceton makamashi da rage fitar da iska.

Saurin juzu'i

Ƙaƙƙarfan shafa na masana'anta daidai yake da saurin wankewa, wanda kuma ya haɗa da abubuwa biyu:

Ɗayan busassun gogewa ne, ɗayan kuma shine saurin gogewa. Yana da matukar dacewa don duba busassun busassun bushewa da rigar shafa saurin yadi ta hanyar kwatanta tare da katin samfurin canza launi da katin samfurin launi. Gabaɗaya, ƙimar busassun saurin gogewa yana kusan maki ɗaya sama da na rigar saurin gogewa lokacin da ake duba saurin shafan yadi mai zurfi mai zurfi. Direct dye rini auduga masana'anta baki a matsayin misali, ko da yake ta hanyar tasiri launi gyarawa magani, amma bushe shafa fastness da rigar shafa fastness sa ba sosai high, wani lokacin ba zai iya saduwa da abokin ciniki bukatun. Domin inganta saurin shafa, ana amfani da rini mai amsawa, rini na VAT da rini na azo marasa narkewa don rini. Ƙarfafa gwajin rini, gyaran jiyya da wanke-wanke sabulu sune ingantattun matakai don inganta saurin goge-goge. Don haɓaka saurin goge rigar samfuran fiber cellulose mai zurfi mai zurfi, ana iya zaɓar wasu ƙarin taimako na musamman don haɓaka saurin goge rigar samfuran masaku, kuma za a iya inganta saurin goge rigar samfuran ta hanyar tsoma mataimakan na musamman a cikin ƙãre kayayyakin.

Don samfuran duhu na fiber filament na sinadarai, za a iya inganta saurin goge rigar samfuran ta ƙara ƙaramin adadin mai hana ruwa na fluorine lokacin da samfurin ya ƙare. Lokacin da aka rina fiber polyamide tare da rini na acid, za'a iya inganta saurin shafan rigar polyamide ta amfani da wakili na musamman na fiber nailan. Za a iya rage darajar saurin jika a cikin gwajin saurin shafan rigar da aka gama duhu saboda gajerun zaruruwa a saman masana'anta na samfuran da aka gama za a zubar da su a fili fiye da na sauran samfuran.

Tsawon hasken rana

Hasken rana yana da duality-barbashi na igiyar ruwa kuma yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi akan tsarin kwayoyin rini ta hanyar canja wurin makamashi ta hanyar photon.

Lokacin da ainihin tsarin tsarin chromogenic na tsarin rini ya lalace ta hanyar photon, launin hasken da ke fitowa daga rini na chromogenic zai canza, yawanci launi ya zama mai sauƙi, har sai ya zama marar launi. Canjin launi na rini ya fi bayyana a ƙarƙashin yanayin hasken rana, kuma saurin hasken rana na rini ya fi muni. Domin inganta saurin zuwa hasken rana na rini, masana'antun rini sun ɗauki hanyoyi da yawa. Ƙara girman nauyin kwayoyin halitta na rini, ƙara damar daɗaɗɗa a cikin rini, haɓaka tsarin haɗin gwiwa na rini da tsawon tsarin haɗin gwiwa na iya inganta saurin haske na rini.

Don dyes na phthalocyanin, wanda zai iya kai matakin saurin haske na digiri 8, ana iya inganta haske da saurin rini a fili ta hanyar ƙara ions ƙarfe masu dacewa a cikin rini da gamawa don samar da hadaddun kwayoyin halitta a cikin rini. Don yadi, zaɓin rini tare da mafi kyawun saurin rana shine mabuɗin don haɓaka ƙimar saurin rana na samfuran. Ba a bayyane ba don inganta saurin rana na yadudduka ta hanyar canza launin rini da ƙarewa.

Sautin Sublimation

Amma ga tarwatsa dyes, ka'idar rini na polyester zaruruwa ne daban-daban daga sauran dyes, don haka sublimation fastness iya kai tsaye bayyana zafi juriya na tarwatsa dyes.

Ga sauran rini, gwada saurin guga na rini da gwada saurin rini na da ma'ana iri ɗaya. Rashin jurewar rini don saurin sublimation ba shi da kyau, a cikin yanayin zafi mai bushe, ingantaccen yanayin rini yana da sauƙin raba kai tsaye daga ciki na fiber a cikin yanayin gas. Don haka a cikin wannan ma'ana, saurin rini sublimation shima yana iya siffanta saurin gugar masana'anta a kaikaice.

Domin inganta rini sublimation azumi, dole ne mu fara daga wadannan abubuwa:

1, na farko shine zabin rini

Matsakaicin nauyin kwayoyin halitta ya fi girma, kuma tsarin asali na rini yana kama da ko kama da tsarin fiber, wanda zai iya inganta saurin sublimation na yadi.

2, na biyu shine inganta aikin rini da gamawa

Cikakkun rage kristal na ɓangaren kristal na tsarin macromolecular na fiber, inganta kristal na yankin amorphous, ta yadda crystallinity tsakanin ciki na fiber yakan zama iri ɗaya, ta yadda rini a cikin fiber na ciki. , kuma haɗin tsakanin fiber ya fi daidaituwa. Wannan zai iya ba kawai inganta matakin matakin, amma kuma inganta sublimation azumi na rini. Idan crystallinity na kowane bangare na fiber bai daidaita daidai ba, yawancin rini ya kasance a cikin tsari mara kyau na yankin amorphous, sa'an nan kuma a cikin matsanancin yanayin yanayi na waje, rini kuma zai fi dacewa a rabu da amorphous. yankin na fiber ciki, sublimation zuwa saman masana'anta, game da shi rage da yadi sublimation fastness.

Zazzagewa da mercerizing na auduga yadudduka da pre-shrinkage da preshaping duk polyester yadudduka duk matakai ne don daidaita crystallinity na ciki na zaruruwa. Bayan zazzagewa da mercerizing masana'antar auduga, bayan pre-shrinkage da riga-kafin polyester masana'anta, zurfin rininsa da saurin rini na iya inganta sosai. rini

The sublimation fastness na masana'anta za a iya inganta a fili ta hanyar ƙarfafa bayan jiyya da wankewa da kuma cire karin saman iyo launi. Za a iya inganta saurin masana'anta a fili ta hanyar rage yawan zafin jiki da kyau. Matsalolin rage girman daidaiton masana'anta da ke haifar da sanyaya ana iya rama su ta hanyar rage saurin saitin daidai. Hakanan ya kamata a kula da tasirin abubuwan ƙari akan saurin rini lokacin da aka zaɓi wakili na ƙarshe. Alal misali, lokacin da aka yi amfani da masu laushi na cationic a cikin laushi mai laushi na masana'anta na polyester, ƙaurawar zafin jiki na rini na tarwatsa na iya haifar da gwajin sauri na sublimation na tarwatsa rini. Daga ra'ayi na yanayin zafin jiki irin tarwatsa fenti kanta, babban zafin jiki watsar da rini yana da mafi alhẽri sublimation fastness.