01 Yanayin gabaɗaya

MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanic acid) wani abu ne na polyurethane wanda isocyanate, polyol da sauran sinadaran da ke cikinsa suka samar, wanda ake amfani da shi a kayan gida, gine-gine, sufuri da sauran wurare.

Ana ɗaukar MDI a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan samfuran da ke da manyan shinge a masana'antar sinadarai. Tsarin haɗa isocyanate yana da tsayi, gami da amsawar nitration, amsawar ragewa da amsawar acidification.

Akwai manyan hanyoyin samar da MDI guda biyu: phosgenation da rashin phosgenation. Tsarin phosgene shine babbar hanyar samar da isocyanates a masana'antu a halin yanzu, kuma ita ce kawai hanyar da za ta iya samar da isocyanates mai yawa. Duk da haka, phosgene yana da guba sosai, kuma ana buƙatar aiwatar da martanin a ƙarƙashin yanayin acid mai ƙarfi, wanda ke buƙatar kayan aiki da fasaha mai yawa.

02 nau'i

Gabaɗaya ana raba MDI zuwa rukuni uku: MDI na polymer, MDI mai tsarki da MDI da aka gyara:

MDI mai polymerized abu ne da ake amfani da shi wajen samar da kumfa mai tauri na polyurethane da kuma kumfa mai tauri, kuma ana amfani da kayayyakin da aka gama da su sosai a cikin firiji, kayan kariya daga zafi, sassan gyaran motoci da sauran masana'antu.

Ana amfani da MDI mai tsarki wajen kera nau'ikan elastomers daban-daban na polyurethane, galibi ana amfani da su wajen samar da elastomers na thermoplastic polyurethane, spandex, PU leather slurry, manne na takalma, kuma ana amfani da su a cikin kayan elastomer masu ƙananan ramuka, kamar tafin ƙafa, tayoyi masu ƙarfi, kumfa mai kauri, bumpers na mota, sassan kayan ado na ciki, da kuma ƙera elastomers na polyurethane da aka yi da siminti.

A matsayin wani abu da aka samo daga jerin samfuran MDI, MDI da aka gyara wani fanni ne na fasaha na samfuran MDI masu tsabta da aka yi amfani da su a kasuwa a halin yanzu, kuma suna iya samar da keɓantattun kaddarorin amfani da sarrafawa bisa ga bambancin tsarin ƙira da tsarin haɗa samfura, don a yi amfani da su sosai a cikin kumfa mai laushi, elastomers, shafi, manne da sauran fannoni.

03 Sama da ƙasa na sarkar masana'antu

Sama da albarkatun mai, iskar gas, ƙarfe da sauran albarkatu;

Tsakanin sinadarai ne da ke tsakanin albarkatun ƙasa da samfuran ƙarshe na ƙasa, waɗanda ke wakiltar WH Chemical, WX petrochemical, da sauransu.

Abin da ke ƙasa shine samfuran sinadarai na ƙarshe, kamar robobi, roba, magungunan kashe kwari, takin zamani, da sauransu, waɗanda ke wakiltar kamfanin JF Technology, tayoyin LL, sinadarai na RL, HR Hengsheng, da sauransu.

04 Binciken buƙatu da bambance-bambancen kasuwa

Polyurethane da MDI ke samarwa yana da nau'ikan aikace-aikace iri-iri, waɗanda galibi ake amfani da su a masana'antar gine-gine, masana'antar gidaje, kayan aikin gida, masana'antar sufuri, masana'antar takalma, da sauransu. Saboda haka, amfani da MDI yana da alaƙa sosai da matakin ci gaban tattalin arzikin duniya.

Daga mahangar duniya baki ɗaya, jimillar tsarin amfani da MDI mai polymer a shekarar 2021 galibi shine: kashi 49% na masana'antar gine-gine, kashi 21% na kayan aikin gida, kashi 17% na manne, da kuma kashi 11% na motoci.

Daga mahangar cikin gida, yawan tsarin amfani da MDI da aka yi wa polymer a shekarar 2021 galibi shine: 40% na kayan farin kaya, 28% na masana'antar gine-gine, 16% na manne, da kuma 7% na motoci.

05 Tsarin gasa

Bangaren samar da kayayyaki na MDI yana gabatar da tsarin gasa na oligopoly. Akwai manyan masana'antun MDI guda takwas a duniya, kuma manyan masana'antun guda uku ta karfinsu sune WH Chemical, BASF da Covestro, tare da karfin kamfanonin uku da ya kai sama da kashi 60% na jimillar karfin samar da kayayyaki a duniya. Daga cikinsu, WH Chemical ita ce babbar masana'antar MDI ta kasar Sin kuma babbar masana'antar masana'antar MDI a duniya.