N, N-Dimethylaniline

Har ila yau, an san shi da dimethyl tiphenylamine, marar launi zuwa ruwa mai launin rawaya mai haske, tare da ƙamshi mai ƙamshi, mai sauƙi don oxidize a cikin iska ko ƙarƙashin rana kuma amfani da ze duhu. Dangantaka yawa (20 ℃ / 4 ℃) 0.9555, daskarewa batu 2.0 ℃, tafasar batu 193 ℃, flash point (bude) 77 ℃, flash batu 317 ℃, danko (25 ℃) 1.528mpact 1.528. . Mai narkewa a cikin ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene da sauran kaushi na halitta. Mai narkewa a cikin nau'ikan mahadi iri-iri. Dan kadan mai narkewa cikin ruwa. Yana iya ƙonewa kuma zai ƙone idan akwai buɗewar harshen wuta. Tururi da iska za su samar da cakuda mai fashewa tare da iyakar fashewar 1.2% ~ 7.0% (vol). Yana da guba sosai, kuma ana fitar da iskar aniline mai guba ta wurin bazuwar makamashi mai zafi. Ana iya shayar da shi ta hanyar fata kuma ya haifar da guba, LD501410mg / kg, matsakaicin halattaccen haɗuwa a cikin iska shine 5mg / m3.
Hanyar ajiya
1.Ajiye Kariya[25] Ajiye a cikin ma'ajiyar sanyi, mai cike da iska. Ka nisantar da wuta da tushen zafi. Rike akwati a rufe. Ya kamata a adana shi daban daga acid, halogens, da sinadarai masu cin abinci, kuma ba a haɗa su ba. An sanye shi da nau'ikan da suka dace da adadin kayan aikin kashe gobara. Wurin ajiya ya kamata a sanye shi da kayan aikin gaggawa na gaggawa don zubewa da kayan matsuguni masu dacewa.

2. Ɗauki ganga na ƙarfe da aka rufe, 180kg kowace ganga, kuma adana a wuri mai sanyi da iska. Ajiye da jigilar kaya bisa ga ka'idojin kayan wuta da masu guba.
hanyar kira
1. Ana samun shi ta hanyar amsawa tsakanin aniline da methanol a gaban sulfuric acid a babban zafin jiki da matsa lamba. Tsarin tsari: 1. 790kg na aniline, 625kg na methanol, 85kg na sulfuric acid (ammonium 100%) an kara da cewa a cikin dauki kwalban, kula da zazzabi 210-215 ℃, matsa lamba 3.1MPa, amsa ga 4h, sa'an nan saki da matsa lamba, da abu da aka saki zuwa ga SEPARATOR, neutralized da 30% sodium hydroxide, a tsaye, da ƙananan quaternary ammonium gishiri ya rabu. Sa'an nan a 160 ℃, 0.7-0.9MPa hydrolysis dauki ga 3h, da hydrolysis kayayyakin da babba Layer na m kayan hade da wanke bayan injin distillation na ƙãre samfurin.

2. Yin amfani da methanol da aniline a matsayin albarkatun kasa, an haɗa shi ta hanyar alumina mai kara kuzari a ƙarƙashin yanayin 200-250 ℃ tare da wuce haddi na methanol da matsa lamba na yanayi. Adadin amfani da albarkatun kasa: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, sulfuric acid 85kg/t. Shirye-shiryen dakin gwaje-gwaje na iya amsa aniline tare da trimethyl phosphate.

3, aniline da methanol gauraye (n aniline: n methanol ≈ 1: 3), kuma ta hanyar reciprocating ba bugun jini metering famfo allura a 0.5h-1 iska gudun a cikin reactor sanye take da mai kara kuzari, da dauki outflow farko a cikin gilashin. Mai raba ruwa-ruwa, mai rarrabawa a ƙarƙashin ruwan da aka tattara a lokuta na yau da kullun da aka cire don nazarin chromatographic.

A cikin 2001, Jami'ar Nankai da Tianjin Ruikai Technology Development Co., Ltd. sun haɓaka haɓakar haɓakaccen haɓakar aniline methylation mai haɓakawa, kuma sun fahimci haɗin gas-lokaci na N, N-dimethyl aniline. Tsarin shine kamar haka: An haɗe Aniline Liquid da methanol, an shayar da shi a cikin hasumiya ta vaporization, sa'an nan kuma ya shiga cikin reactor na tubular tare da saurin iska na 0.5-1.0h-1 (daidaitaccen gado na reactor tubular yana sanye da nano mai ɗorewa. - m mai kara kuzari), kuma ana ci gaba da samarwa a 250-300 ℃ a ƙarƙashin matsin yanayi, tare da yawan amfanin DMA sama da 96%.

Hanyar tacewa: Yakan ƙunshi ƙazanta irin su aniline da N-methyl aniline. N, N-dimethylaniline yana narkar da shi a cikin 40% sulfuric acid kuma an distilled da tururin ruwa. Ana ƙara sodium hydroxide don sanya shi alkaline. Ana ci gaba da distillation tare da tururin ruwa. An raba distillate zuwa yadudduka masu ruwa da tsaki kuma a bushe da potassium hydroxide. Ana aiwatar da distillation na matsa lamba na al'ada a gaban acetic anhydride. Ana wanke distillate da ruwa don cire alamar acetic anhydride, busasshen da potassium hydroxide, sannan kuma barium oxide, sannan a distillate a ƙarƙashin matsa lamba a gaban rafi na nitrogen. Sauran hanyoyin tsaftace distillate sun haɗa da ƙara 10% acetic anhydride da refluxing na 'yan sa'o'i don cire amines na farko da na sakandare. Bayan sanyaya, an ƙara fiye da 20% hydrochloric acid kuma ana fitar da shi tare da ether. Layer na hydrochloric acid shine alkaline tare da alkali sannan a fitar da shi da ether, kuma ana bushe ether Layer da potassium hydroxide kuma a distilled a ƙarƙashin raguwar matsin lamba a ƙarƙashin rafi na nitrogen. N, N-dimethylaniline kuma za a iya jujjuya shi zuwa gishiri mai picric acid, a sake sake shi zuwa wurin narkewa akai-akai sannan kuma a gurguje tare da dumin ruwa na 10% na sodium hydroxide. Sa'an nan kuma a fitar da shi tare da ether, wanke da bushe, kuma a distilled a ƙarƙashin rage matsa lamba.

5. Aniline, methanol da sulfuric acid gauraye a gwargwado, condensation dauki a cikin autoclave, da dauki kayayyakin ta matsa lamba taimako dawo da methanol, ƙara alkali neutralization, rabuwa da distillation ta rage matsa lamba don samun samfurin.

6. N, N-dimethylaniline za a iya samar da shi ta hanyar methylation dauki na aniline da trimethyl phosphate, sa'an nan kuma fitar da ether, dried da distilled.

7. N, N-dimethylaniline za a iya hada a kan catalytic gado na Ziegler kara kuzari a cikin jan karfe-manganese tsarin ko jan karfe-zinc-chromium tsarin a 280 ℃ tare da cakuda aniline da methanol a rabo na 1: 3.5. An tattara N,N-dimethylaniline da aka samu a 193-195 ℃ akan na'urar distillation shafi mai shafi 54 kuma an cushe cikin kwalabe masu launin ruwan kasa. Don shirye-shiryen N, N-dimethylaniline mai tsabta, N, N-dimethylaniline za a iya allura tare da iskar nitrogen a matsayin iskar gas a cikin shirye-shiryen gas chromatograph wanda ke da shafi na phosphate na karfe.