Bayan kusan karni na ci gaba, masana'antar sinadarai ta kasar Sin ta zama kasa mafi saurin bunkasuwa a duniya, kuma tsarin masana'antu ya yi kasa sosai fiye da na masana'antar sinadarai a Turai, Amurka, Japan da Koriya ta Kudu. A kasashen Turai da Amurka da sauran kasashe, ana daukar wasu shekaru ne kawai kafin a kai ga matakin, kuma masana'antar sinadarai ta kasar Sin ta kusa kawo karshe. Bambancin shi ne, bayan babban mataki na masana'antar sinadarai a Turai da Amurka, yawan samfuran sinadarai masu kyau da ke tallafawa ta hanyar fasaha mai zurfi yana ƙaruwa sosai, yayin da a cikin Sin, saboda ƙarancin haɓakar fasaha, ƙimar samar da kasuwa ta tarar. sunadarai suna karuwa sannu a hankali.

A cikin shekaru 5-10 masu zuwa, za a kawo karshen babban aikin masana'antar sinadarai ta kasar Sin, kuma za a kara saurin aiwatar da kyakkyawan tsarin bunkasuwa. A halin yanzu, yawancin cibiyoyin bincike na cikin gida, musamman waɗanda ke da alaƙa da manyan masana'antu, suna haɓaka saka hannun jari a cikin bincike da haɓaka kyawawan sinadarai.

Don ci gaba da bunkasuwar sinadarai masu kyau a kasar Sin, na farko shi ne bincike mai zurfi ta hanyar yin amfani da karancin carbon hydrocarbons a matsayin albarkatun kasa, kuma ruwan da ke gangarowa ya fi mayar da hankali ne a tsaka-tsakin magunguna, magungunan kashe kwari da sauran fannoni. Na biyu, don zurfin aiki da amfani da polycarbon hydrocarbons, ƙasa a cikin manyan kayan sinadarai masu kyau, ƙari da sauran fannoni; Na uku, domin rabuwa da tsarkakewa na high carbon hydrocarbon albarkatun kasa da zurfin aiki da kuma amfani, a kasa a cikin surfactant, plasticizer da sauran filayen.

Idan aka yi la'akari da girman farashin, haɓaka ingantaccen masana'antar sinadarai na albarkatun ƙasa mai ƙarancin carbon shine hanya mafi arha na samarwa da bincike. A halin yanzu, yawancin cibiyoyin bincike na kimiyya a kasar Sin suna ci gaba da fadada binciken masana'antun sinadarai masu karamin karfi na carbon hydrocarbon. Samfuran masu wakilci sune haɓakar sinadarai masu kyau na sarkar masana'antar isobutylene da ingantaccen sinadarai na sarkar masana'antar aniline.

Dangane da binciken farko, an tsawaita sarkar masana'antu sama da sinadarai masu kyau 50 a ƙasa na isobutene mai tsafta, kuma ƙimar daidaita sarkar masana'antu na samfuran ƙasa ya fi girma. Aniline yana da nau'ikan kyawawan sinadarai sama da 60 a ƙasan sarƙar sarkar masana'antu, kwatance aikace-aikacen ƙasa suna da yawa.

A halin yanzu, aniline ana samar da shi ne ta hanyar catalytic hydrogenation na nitrobenzene, wanda shine samar da hydrogenation na nitric acid, hydrogen da benzene mai tsabta a matsayin albarkatun kasa. Ana amfani da shi a ƙasa a cikin filayen MDI, abubuwan da ake amfani da su na roba, rini da tsaka-tsakin likita, abubuwan da ake amfani da su na fetur da sauransu. Tsabtataccen benzene a cikin masana'antar tace mai da samar da sinadarai ba za a iya haɗa shi da samfuran mai ba, wanda ke haɓaka haɓakawa da yin amfani da sarkar masana'anta na benzene mai ɗorewa, wanda ya zama abin da masana'antar binciken sinadarai da haɓaka masana'antar ke da hankali.

Dangane da masana'antu daban-daban waɗanda ake amfani da samfuran p-aniline na ƙasa, ana iya rarraba su kusan zuwa masana'antu masu zuwa: Na farko, aikace-aikacen a fagen haɓakar roba da antioxidant, wanda za'a iya rarraba kusan zuwa nau'ikan samfura biyar. , wato p-aminobenzidine, hydroquinone, diphenylamine, cyclohexylamine da dicyclohexylamine. Yawancin waɗannan samfuran aniline ana amfani da su a fagen maganin antioxidant na roba, kamar p-amino diphenylamine na iya samar da antioxidant 4050, 688, 8PPD, 3100D, da sauransu.

Yin amfani da shi a fagen haɓakar haɓakar roba da antioxidant shine muhimmin jagorar amfani da aniline a cikin filin roba, yana lissafin fiye da 11% na jimlar yawan amfani da aniline a ƙasa, manyan samfuran wakilai sune p-aminobenzidine da hydroquinone.

A cikin mahallin diazo, ta yin amfani da aniline da nitrate da sauran samfurori, ana iya samar da samfurori p-amino-azobenzene hydrochloride, p-hydroxyaniline, p-hydroxyazobenzene, phenylhydrazine, fluorobenzene da sauransu. Ana amfani da waɗannan samfuran sosai a fagen rini, magunguna da tsaka-tsakin magungunan kashe qwari. Samfuran wakilci sune: p-amino-azobenzene hydrochloride, wanda shine rini na azo na roba, um murya mai launi, rini mai tarwatsewa, kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin kera fenti da pigment a matsayin mai nuna alama, da sauransu. P-hydroxyaniline ana amfani dashi a cikin samarwa. na sulphide blue FBG, raunin acid mai haske rawaya 5G da sauran rini, kera paracetamol, antamine da sauran magunguna, ana amfani da su wajen samar da masu haɓakawa, antioxidant da sauransu.

A halin yanzu, mafi aniline mahadi amfani a kasar Sin ta rini masana'antu ne p-amino-azobenzene hydrochloride da p-hydroxyaniline, lissafin kudi game da 1% na kasa amfani da aniline, wanda shi ne wani muhimmin aikace-aikace shugabanci na nitrogen mahadi a cikin ƙasa na aniline da kuma Har ila yau, muhimmin alkiblar binciken fasahar masana'antu na yanzu.

Wani muhimmin aikace-aikacen ƙasa na aniline shine halogenation na aniline, irin su samar da p-iodoaniline, o-chloroaniline, 2.4.6-trichloraniline, n-acetoacetaniline, n-formylaniline, phenylurea, diphenylurea, phenylthiourea da sauran kayayyakin. Saboda yawan adadin halogenation na aniline, an riga an kiyasta cewa akwai kusan nau'ikan 20, waɗanda suka zama muhimmin alkibla na haɓaka sarkar masana'antar sinadarai masu kyau na aniline.

Wani muhimmin mahimmanci na aniline shine raguwar raguwa, irin su aniline da hydrogen don samar da cyclohexamine, aniline da sulfuric acid da soda don samar da bicyclohexane, aniline da sulfuric acid da sulfur trioxide don samar da p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid. Irin wannan amsa yana buƙatar ɗimbin abubuwan haɓakawa, kuma adadin samfuran da ke ƙasa ba su da yawa, an kiyasta kusan nau'ikan samfura ne guda biyar.

 Daga cikin su, kamar p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid, masana'anta azo dyes, amfani da matsayin tunani reagent, gwaji reagent da chromatographic reagent bincike reagent, kuma za a iya amfani da azaman magungunan kashe qwari don hana alkama tsatsa. Dicyclohexamine, shine shirye-shiryen tsaka-tsakin rini, da tsatsa na alkama na pesticide, da kuma shirye-shiryen kayan yaji da sauransu.

Yanayin ragi na aniline yana da tsauri. A halin yanzu, yawancinsu sun fi mayar da hankali ne a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma kananan matakan samar da kayayyaki a kasar Sin, kuma yawan amfani da su ya yi kadan. Ba shine babban jagorar fadada sarkar masana'antar sinadarai masu kyau na aniline ba.

Tsawaita sarkar masana'antar sinadarai masu kyau ta amfani da aniline azaman albarkatun ƙasa ya haɗa da amsawar arylation, amsawar alkylation, oxidation da amsawar nitrification, amsawar cyclization, halayen haɓakar aldehyde da hadaddun halayen haɗuwa. Aniline na iya shiga cikin halayen sunadarai da yawa, kuma akwai aikace-aikacen ƙasa da yawa.