Ka'idar Yanke Kaya

Cire fenti shine amfani da sinadarai don lalata rini da ke kan zare sannan ya sa ya rasa launinsa.
Akwai manyan nau'ikan sinadarai guda biyu na cire sinadarai. Ɗaya shine sinadaran cire sinadarai, waɗanda ke cimma manufar ɓacewa ko canza launi ta hanyar lalata tsarin launi a cikin tsarin kwayoyin halitta na rini. Misali, rini masu tsarin azo suna da rukunin azo. Ana iya rage shi zuwa rukunin amino kuma su rasa launinsa. Duk da haka, lalacewar wakilin rage launi ga tsarin launi na wasu rini ana iya juyawa, don haka ana iya dawo da faɗuwa, kamar tsarin launi na tsarin anthraquinone. Sodium sulfonate da farin foda galibi ana amfani da su azaman masu rage peeling. Ɗayan kuma shine masu cire sinadarai na oxidative, daga cikinsu mafi yawan amfani sune hydrogen peroxide da sodium hypochlorite. A ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi, masu hana sinadarai na iya haifar da lalacewa ga wasu ƙungiyoyi waɗanda suka samar da tsarin launi na kwayoyin halitta, kamar rugujewar ƙungiyoyin azo, oxidation na ƙungiyoyin amino, methylation na ƙungiyoyin hydroxy, da rabuwa da ions na ƙarfe masu rikitarwa. Waɗannan canje-canjen tsarin da ba za a iya canzawa ba suna haifar da faɗuwa ko canza launi na rini, don haka a ka'ida, ana iya amfani da wakilin cire sinadarai na oxidative don cikakken maganin cire abubuwa. Wannan hanyar tana da tasiri musamman ga rini masu tsarin anthraquinone.

Rage rini na yau da kullun

2.1 Cire rini masu amsawa

Duk wani rini mai amsawa wanda ke ɗauke da hadaddun ƙarfe ya kamata a fara tafasa shi a cikin maganin chelating na ƙarfe mai yawan polyvalent (2 g/L EDTA). Sannan a wanke sosai da ruwa kafin a rage alkaline ko kuma a yi amfani da maganin cire oxidation. Yawanci ana yin maganin cirewar gaba ɗaya a zafin jiki mai zafi na minti 30 a cikin alkali da sodium hydroxide. Bayan an mayar da bawon, a wanke sosai. Sannan a shafa a cikin ruwan sanyi a cikin ruwan sodium hypochlorite. Misalin tsari:
Misalan tsarin cirewa akai-akai:
Rini zane → maganin rage kumfa (soda mai kauri 20 g/l, mai kauri 30 g/l) → Turaren tururi mai rage 703 (100℃) → wankewa → busarwa

Misalin tsarin rini na cire kwalaben ruwa:

Zane mai lahani mai launi→ reel→2 ruwan zafi→2 soda mai kaustic (20g/l)→8 launin barewa (sodium sulfide 15g/l, 60℃) 4 ruwan zafi→2 gungura ruwan sanyi→tsarin bleaching na matakin sodium hypochlorite na yau da kullun (NaClO2.5 g/l, an tara na tsawon mintuna 45).

2.2 Cire rini na sulfur

Yawanci ana gyara masaku masu rini da sulfur ta hanyar shafa su a cikin ruwan da ba komai na sinadarin rage zafi (6 g/L sodium sulfide mai cikakken ƙarfi) a mafi girman zafin jiki don cimma ɓawon da aka rina kafin a sake rina. A cikin mawuyacin hali, dole ne a yi amfani da sodium hypochlorite ko sodium hypochlorite.
Misalin tsari
Misalin launin haske:
A cikin zane → a jiƙa da birgima (sodium hypochlorite lita 5-6, 50 ℃) → tururi mai tururi 703 (minti 2) → wankewa da ruwa gaba ɗaya → busarwa.

Misali mai duhu:
Launi mara kyau na yadi → birgima oxalic acid (15 g/l a 40°C) → busarwa → birgima sodium hypochlorite (6 g/l, 30°C na daƙiƙa 15) → wankewa da busarwa gaba ɗaya

Misalan hanyoyin tsari:
55% na sinadarin sodium sulfide mai siffar crystalline: 5-10 g/l; tokar soda: 2-5 g/l (ko 36°BéNaOH 2-5 ml/l);
Zafin jiki 80-100, lokaci 15-30, rabon wanka 1:30-40.

2.3 Cire rini mai sinadarin acid

A tafasa na tsawon minti 30 zuwa 45 da ruwan ammonia (2O zuwa 30 g/L) da kuma sinadarin anionic (1 zuwa 2 g/L). Kafin a yi amfani da ammonia, a yi amfani da sodium sulfonate (10 zuwa 20 g/L) a zafin jiki na 70°C don taimakawa wajen cire barewa gaba daya. A ƙarshe, ana iya amfani da hanyar cire oxidation.
A yanayin acidic, ƙara wani sinadari na musamman na surfactant zai iya yin kyakkyawan tasirin barewa. Akwai kuma waɗanda ke amfani da yanayin alkaline don bare launin.

Misalin tsari:
Misalan ainihin tsarin barewar siliki:

Ragewa, cirewa da kuma gogewa (tokar soda 1g/L, ƙarin O2g/L, foda sulfur 2-3g/L, zafin jiki 60℃, lokaci 30-45min, rabon wanka 1:30) → maganin da aka riga aka yi amfani da shi (ferrous sulfate heptahydrate) 10g/L, 50% hypophosphorous acid 2g/L, daidaita formic acid pH 3-3.5, 80°C na minti 60)→ kurkure (wanka 80°C na minti 20)→ cirewa da gogewa da gogewa (35% hydrogen peroxide 10mL/L, pentacrystalline sodium silicate 3-5g/L, zafin jiki 70-8O℃, lokaci 45-90min, ƙimar pH 8-10)→ tsabta

Misali na tsarin cire ulu:

Nifanidine AN: 4; Oxalic acid: 2%; Ƙara zafin zuwa tafasa cikin mintuna 30 sannan a ajiye shi a wurin tafasa na mintuna 20-30; sannan a tsaftace shi.

Misali na tsarin cire nailan:

36°BéNaOH: 1%-3%; lebur da O: 15%-20%; sabulun saƙa na roba: 5%-8%; rabon wanka: 1:25-1:30; zafin jiki: 98-100°C; lokaci: minti 20-30 (har sai an cire launin).

Bayan an cire dukkan launin, zafin zai ragu a hankali, sannan a wanke shi sosai da ruwa, sannan a tace sinadarin alkali da ya rage a kan nailan gaba daya da sinadarin acetic acid 0.5mL/L a zafin digiri 30 na Celsius na tsawon minti 10, sannan a wanke da ruwa.

2.4 Cire rini na magudanar ruwa

Gabaɗaya, a cikin tsarin gauraye na sodium hydroxide da sodium hydroxide, rini na masana'anta yana raguwa a yanayin zafi mai yawa. Wani lokaci yana da mahimmanci a ƙara maganin polyvinylpyrrolidine, kamar Albigen A na BASF.

Misalan tsarin cirewa akai-akai:

Rini zane → maganin rage kumfa (soda mai kauri 20 g/l, mai kauri 30 g/l) → Turaren tururi mai rage 703 (100℃) → wankewa → busarwa

Misali na tsarin barewa lokaci-lokaci:

Pingping da O: 2-4g/L; 36°BéNaOH: 12-15ml/L; Sodium hydroxide: 5-6g/L;

A lokacin maganin cire gashi, zafin jiki shine 70-80℃, lokacin shine mintuna 30-60, kuma rabon wanka shine 1:30-40.

2.5 Cire rini mai warwatsewa

Ana amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin don cire fenti da aka watsa akan polyester:

Hanya ta 1: Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate da mai ɗaukar magani, an yi masa magani a 100°C da pH4-5; tasirin maganin ya fi muhimmanci a 130°C.

Hanya ta 2: Ana sarrafa sinadarin sodium chlorite da formic acid a zafin 100°C da pH 3.5.

Mafi kyawun sakamako shine magani na farko sannan magani na biyu. Rina baki gwargwadon iyawa bayan magani.

2.6 Cire rini na cationic

Cire rini mai watsawa akan polyester yawanci yana amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin:

A cikin wanka mai ɗauke da monoethanolamine na lita 5 da 5 g/lita da sodium chloride, a yi magani a lokacin tafasa na tsawon awa 1. Sannan a tsaftace shi, sannan a yi bleach a cikin wanka mai ɗauke da sodium hypochlorite na lita 5 da 5 ml/L (chlorine mai samuwa 150 g/L), sodium nitrate na lita 5 da 5 g/L (mai hana lalata), sannan a daidaita pH zuwa 4 zuwa 4.5 da acid acid. Minti 30. A ƙarshe, ana yi wa masana'anta magani da sodium chloride sulfite (3 g/L) a zafin jiki 60°C na tsawon minti 15, ko kuma 1-1.5 g/L na sodium hydroxide a zafin jiki 85°C na tsawon minti 20 zuwa 30. Kuma a ƙarshe a tsaftace shi.

Amfani da sabulun wanke-wanke (0.5 zuwa 1 g/L) da kuma ruwan tafasa na acetic acid don magance masakar da aka rina a pH 4 na tsawon awanni 1-2 na iya haifar da ɓarkewar wani ɓangare.
Misalin tsari:
Da fatan za a duba misalin sarrafa launi na masana'anta mai laushi na acrylic 5.1.

2.7 Cire rini na azo marasa narkewa

5 zuwa 10 ml/lita na soda mai kauri 38°Bé, 1 zuwa 2 ml/lita na mai wartsakewa mai zafi, da kuma 3 zuwa 5 g/lita na sodium hydroxide, da kuma 0.5 zuwa 1 g/lita na foda anthraquinone. Idan akwai isasshen sodium hydroxide da soda mai kauri, anthraquinone zai sa ruwan da ke cirewa ya yi ja. Idan ya yi rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa, dole ne a ƙara soda mai kauri ko sodium hydroxide. Ya kamata a wanke masakar da aka cire sosai.

2.8 Bare fenti

Paintin yana da wahalar cirewa, galibi ana amfani da potassium permanganate don cirewa.

Misalin tsari:

Rina zane mai lahani → birgima potassium permanganate (18 g/l) → wankewa da ruwa → birgima oxalic acid (20 g/l, 40°C) → wankewa da ruwa → busarwa.

Cire kayan aikin gamawa da aka saba amfani da su

3.1 Cire kayan gyara

Ana iya cire sinadarin gyara Y da ƙaramin adadin tokar soda sannan a ƙara O; ana iya cire sinadarin gyara polyamine cationic ta hanyar tafasa da acetic acid.

3.2 Cire man silicone da mai laushi

Gabaɗaya, ana iya cire masu laushi ta hanyar wankewa da sabulun wanki, kuma wani lokacin ana amfani da tokar soda da sabulun wanki; dole ne a cire wasu masu laushi ta hanyar amfani da formic acid da surfactant. Hanyar cirewa da yanayin aiki suna ƙarƙashin gwaje-gwajen samfura.

Man silicone yana da wahalar cirewa, amma idan aka yi amfani da wani abu na musamman mai suna surfactant, a ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline mai ƙarfi, ana iya amfani da tafasa don cire mafi yawan man silicone. Tabbas, waɗannan za a iya gwada su ta hanyar samfuri.

3.3 Cire sinadarin kammala resin

Yawanci ana cire sinadarin tsarkakewa na resin ta hanyar amfani da tururi da wankewa na acid. Tsarin da aka saba amfani da shi shine: ruwan acid mai laushi (yawan sinadarin hydrochloric acid na 1.6 g/l) → tara (85 ℃ minti 10) → wankewar ruwan zafi → wankewar ruwan sanyi → busar da shi. Da wannan tsari, za a iya cire resin da ke kan masana'anta a kan injin gogewa da gogewa mai faɗi.

Ka'idar gyara inuwa da fasaha

4.1 Ka'ida da fasahar gyaran hasken launi
Idan inuwar masana'anta da aka rina bai cika buƙatun ba, yana buƙatar a gyara shi. Ka'idar gyaran inuwa ita ce ƙa'idar launin da ya rage. Abin da ake kira launin da ya rage, wato, launuka biyu suna da halayen rage juna. Sauran launukan sune: ja da kore, lemu da shuɗi, da rawaya da shunayya. Misali, idan hasken ja ya yi nauyi sosai, za ku iya ƙara ɗan ƙaramin fenti kore don rage shi. Duk da haka, ana amfani da launin da ya rage ne kawai don daidaita hasken launi a ƙaramin adadin. Idan adadin ya yi yawa, zai shafi zurfin launi da haske, kuma yawan da ake buƙata shine kusan lg/L.

Gabaɗaya dai, rini mai amsawa yadi da aka rina suna da wahalar gyarawa, kuma rini mai rina yadi da aka rina suna da sauƙin gyarawa; lokacin da aka gyara rini mai sulfur, inuwa tana da wahalar sarrafawa, galibi ana amfani da rini mai rina don ƙarawa da cire launuka; ana iya amfani da rini kai tsaye don gyaran ƙari, amma adadin ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 1 g/L.

Hanyoyin da aka fi amfani da su wajen gyaran inuwa sun haɗa da wanke ruwa (wanda ya dace da rini ga masaku da aka gama da launuka masu duhu, launuka masu iyo, da kuma gyara masaku da wankewa da sabulun da ba su da daɗi), cire launi (duba tsarin cire launi, yanayi Ya fi sauƙi fiye da tsarin cire launi na yau da kullun), tururin alkali mai laushi (wanda ya dace da rini masu laushi ga alkali, waɗanda yawancinsu ana amfani da su don rini mai amsawa; kamar zane mai launi na KNB mai amsawa kamar haske mai shuɗi, zaku iya naɗe adadin soda mai kauri. Ana ƙara shi da tururi da wankewa mai faɗi don cimma manufar haskaka haske mai shuɗi), wakilin farin kushin (wanda ya dace da hasken ja na masaku da aka gama da aka rina, musamman ga masaku da aka gama da rini mai kauri, launin ya fi dacewa lokacin da launin yake matsakaici ko haske. Don faɗuwar launi na yau da kullun, ana iya la'akari da sake yin bleaching, amma bleaching hydrogen peroxide ya kamata ya zama babban hanyar don guje wa canje-canjen launi marasa amfani.), canza launi, da sauransu.
4.2 Misalin tsarin gyaran inuwa: hanyar cirewa ta rini mai amsawa

4.2.1 A cikin tankin wanke-wanke na farko mai layi biyar na injin sabulun rage zafi, a zuba 1 g/L mai layi daya sannan a zuba O a tafasa, sannan a yi wanki mai layi daya, yawanci kashi 15% ne kawai.

4.2.2 A cikin tankunan wanke-wanke guda biyar na farko na injin sabulun rage kitse, a zuba lg/L mai faɗi da lebur O, 1mL/L mai glacial acetic acid, sannan a zuba a cikin injin a zafin ɗaki don ya yi haske kamar kashi 10%.

4.2.3 A shafa ruwan bleach mai nauyin 0.6mL/L a cikin tankin birgima na injin rage zafi, da kuma akwatin tururi a zafin ɗaki, sassan farko guda biyu na tankin wanki ba sa fitar da ruwa, sassan biyu na ƙarshe ana wanke su da ruwan sanyi, sashe ɗaya da ruwan zafi, sannan a shafa sabulu. Yawan ruwan bleach ya bambanta, kuma zurfin barewar ma ya bambanta, kuma launin barewar bleach ɗin ya ɗan yi laushi.

4.2.4 Yi amfani da lita 10 na hydrogen peroxide mai kashi 27.5%, lita 3 na sinadarin daidaita hydrogen peroxide, lita 2 na soda mai kauri 36°Bé, lita 1 na sabulun wanki mai kashi 209 a cikin lita 500 na ruwa, a tururi a cikin injin rage zafi, sannan a zuba O a tafasa, a sa sabulu a dafa. 15%.

4.2.5 Yi amfani da 5-10g/L na baking soda, a tururi a cire launin, a wanke a tafasa da sabulu, zai iya zama mai haske 10-20%, kuma launin zai yi shuɗi bayan an cire.

4.2.6 Yi amfani da soda mai kauri 10g/L, cire tururi, wankewa da sabulu, zai iya zama mai sauƙi 20%-30%, kuma hasken launi yana ɗan duhu.

4.2.7 Yi amfani da tururin sodium perborate 20g/L don cire launin, wanda zai iya zama mai sauƙi da kashi 10-15%.

4.2.8 Yi amfani da kashi 27.5% na hydrogen peroxide 1-5L a cikin injin rini na jig, yi amfani da ragi 2 a zafin 70℃, ɗauki samfur, sannan ka sarrafa yawan hydrogen peroxide da adadin ragi bisa ga zurfin launi. Misali, idan kore mai duhu ya wuce ragi 2, zai iya zama ƙasa da rabi zuwa rabi. Kimanin kashi 10%, inuwar ba ta canzawa sosai.

4.2.9 Sanya ruwan bleach 250mL a cikin lita 250 na ruwa a cikin injin rini na jig, yi tafiya a layi biyu a zafin ɗaki, kuma za a iya cire shi da zurfi kamar 10-15%.

Ana iya ƙara 4.2.1O a cikin injin rini na jig, ƙara O da barewar tokar soda.

Misalan tsarin gyaran lahani na rini

5.1 Misalan sarrafa launin masana'anta na acrylic

5.1.1 Furanni masu launin haske

5.1.1.1 Tsarin aiki:

Yadi, surfactant 1227, acetic acid → minti 30 zuwa 100°C, adana zafi na minti 30 → wanke ruwan zafi na 60°C → wanke ruwan sanyi → dumama har zuwa 60°C, sanya rini da acetic acid don riƙewa na minti 10 → dumama a hankali har zuwa 98°C, kiyaye ɗumi na minti 40 → a hankali Sanyaya zuwa 60°C don samar da zane.

5.1.1.2 Tsarin cirewa:

Surfactant 1227: 2%; acetic acid 2.5%; rabon wanka 1:10

5.1.1.3 Tsarin rini na hana rini:

Rini na cationic (wanda aka canza zuwa tsarin aiki na asali) 2O%; acetic acid 3%; rabon wanka 1:20

5.1.2 Furanni masu launin duhu

5.1.2.1 Hanyar tsari:

Yadi, sodium hypochlorite, acetic acid → dumama har zuwa 100°C, mintuna 30 → wanke ruwan sanyi → sodium bisulfite → 60°C, mintuna 20 → wanke ruwan dumi → wanke ruwan sanyi → 60°C, a saka rini da acetic acid a ciki → a hankali a ɗaga zuwa 100°C, a ci gaba da ɗumi na mintuna 4O → A hankali a rage zafin zuwa 60°C don yadin.

5.1.2.2 Tsarin cirewa:

Sodium hypochlorite: 2O%; acetic acid 10%;

Rabon wanka 1:20

5.1.2.3 Tsarin Chlorine:

Sodium bisulfite 15%

Rabon wanka 1:20

5.1.2.4 Tsarin rini na hana rini

Rini na cationic (wanda aka canza zuwa tsarin aiki na asali) 120%

Asidin acetic 3%

Rabon wanka 1:20

5.2 Misali na rini na yadin nailan

5.2.1 Furanni masu ɗan launi

Idan bambancin zurfin launi ya kai kashi 20%-30% na zurfin rini, yawanci ana iya amfani da kashi 5%-10% na matakin da kuma O, rabon wanka iri ɗaya ne da rini, kuma zafin yana tsakanin 80 ℃ da 85 ℃. Idan zurfin ya kai kusan kashi 20% na zurfin rini, a hankali a ƙara zafin zuwa 100°C a ajiye shi a ɗumi har sai rini ya shanye da zare gwargwadon iko.

5.2.2 Furen launi mai matsakaici

Don matsakaicin inuwa, ana iya amfani da hanyoyin cirewa na ɓangare don ƙara rini zuwa zurfin asali.

Na2CO3 5%-10%

Ƙara O 1O%-l5% a hankali

Rabon wanka 1:20-1:25

Zafin jiki 98℃-100℃

Lokaci Minti 90- Minti 120

Bayan an rage launin, ana fara wanke masakar da ruwan zafi, sannan a wanke ta da ruwan sanyi, sannan a ƙarshe a rina ta.

5.2.3 Mummunan canjin launi

Tsarin aiki:

36°BéNaOH: 1%-3%

Faɗin lebur da O: 15% ~ 20%

Sabulun wanke-wanke na roba: 5%-8%

Rabon wanka 1:25-1:30

Zafin jiki 98℃-100℃

Lokaci: Minti 20-30 (har sai an cire dukkan launi)
Bayan an cire dukkan launin, ana rage zafin jiki a hankali, sannan a wanke sosai da 0.5 mL na acetic acid a zafin digiri 30 na Celsius na tsawon mintuna 10 don kawar da sauran alkali gaba ɗaya, sannan a wanke da ruwa don sake rina. Bai kamata a rina wasu launuka da manyan launuka ba bayan an cire su. Domin launin tushe na masana'anta yana zama rawaya mai haske bayan an cire shi. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a canza launin. Misali: Bayan an cire launin raƙumi gaba ɗaya, launin bango zai zama rawaya mai haske. Idan an sake rina launin raƙumi, launin zai yi launin toka. Idan kun yi amfani da Pura Red 10B, ku daidaita shi da ƙaramin adadin rawaya mai haske sannan ku canza shi zuwa launin ƙwarƙwarar don kiyaye launin ya yi haske.

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5.3 Misali na rini na masana'anta polyester

5.3.1 Furanni masu ɗan launi,

Maganin gyaran fure ko maganin daidaita yanayin zafi mai zafi 1-2 g/L, a sake dumama shi zuwa 135°C na tsawon mintuna 30. Ƙarin rini shine 10%-20% na asalin adadin, kuma ƙimar pH shine 5, wanda zai iya kawar da launin yadi, tabo, bambancin inuwa da zurfin launi, kuma tasirin yana daidai da na zanen yadi na yau da kullun.

5.3.2 Matsaloli masu tsanani

Sodium chlorite 2-5 g/L, acetic acid 2-3 g/L, methyl naphthalene 1-2 g/L;

Fara magani a zafin digiri 30, a dumama a 2°C/min zuwa 100°C na tsawon minti 60, sannan a wanke zanen da ruwa.

5.4 Misalan maganin manyan lahani a rina yadi na auduga tare da rina mai amsawa

Tsarin aiki: cirewa → iskar shaka → hana rini

5.4.1 Barewar launi

5.4.1.1 Umarnin tsari:

Foda ta inshora 5 g/L-6 g/L

Ping Ping tare da O2 g/L-4 g/L

38°Bé caustic soda 12ml/L-15ml/L

Zafin jiki 60℃-70℃

Rabon wanka l: lO

Lokaci Minti 30

5.4.1.2 Hanyar aiki da matakai

Sai a zuba ruwa bisa ga rabon wanka, a zuba O mai laushi, soda mai kauri, sodium hydroxide, da kuma yadi a kan injin, a kunna tururin a ƙara zafin zuwa 70°C, sannan a cire launin na tsawon minti 30. Bayan an bare, a tace sauran ruwan, a wanke sau biyu da ruwa mai tsafta, sannan a tace ruwan.

5.4.2 Iskar oxygen

5.4.2.1 Umarnin tsari

3O%H2O2 3 mL/L

38°Bé caustic soda l mL/L

Mai daidaita 0.2mL/L

Zafin jiki 95℃

Rabon wanka 1:10

Lokaci Minti 60

5.4.2.2 Hanyar aiki da matakai

Sai a zuba ruwa gwargwadon rabon wanka, a zuba masu daidaita yanayi, soda mai kauri, hydrogen peroxide da sauran abubuwan ƙari, a kunna tururin a ƙara zafin zuwa 95°C, a ajiye shi na tsawon mintuna 60, sannan a rage zafin zuwa 75°C, a tace ruwan a zuba ruwa, a zuba soda 0.2, a wanke na tsawon mintuna 20, a tace ruwan; a yi amfani da shi. A wanke a ruwan zafi a digiri 80°C na tsawon mintuna 20; a wanke a ruwan zafi a digiri 60°C na tsawon mintuna 20, sannan a wanke da ruwan sanyi har sai zane ya huce gaba daya.

5.4.3 Kare Tabo

5.4.3.1 Umarnin tsari

Rini masu amsawa: 30% x% na amfanin da aka yi da shi na asali

Foda ta Yuanming: 50% Y% na amfanin da aka yi da shi na asali

Tokar Soda: 50% z% na amfanin da aka yi da shi na asali

Rabon wanka l: lO

Zafin jiki bisa ga tsari na asali

5.4.3.2 Hanyar aiki da matakai
Bi hanyar rini da matakai na yau da kullun.

Gabatar da taƙaitaccen bayani game da tsarin cire launi na masana'anta da aka haɗa

Ana iya cire rini na acid daga masana'anta da aka haɗa da diacetate/ulu da kashi 3 zuwa 5% na alkylamine polyoxyethylene a zafin jiki na 80 zuwa 85°C da pH na 5 zuwa 6 na tsawon mintuna 30 zuwa 60. Wannan maganin kuma zai iya cire rini na warwatse daga bangaren acetate akan gaurayen zare na diacetate/nylon da diacetate/polyacrylonitrile. Cire rini na warwatse daga polyester/polyacrylonitrile ko polyester/ulu yana buƙatar tafasa da abin ɗauka har zuwa awanni 2. Ƙara gram 5 zuwa 10/lita na sabulun wanki mara ionic da gram 1 zuwa 2/lita na farin foda yawanci na iya inganta barewar zare na polyester/polyacrylonitrile.

Sabulun sabulun anionic 1 g/L; maganin cationic 3 g/L; da kuma maganin sodium sulfate 4 g/L a wurin tafasa da pH 10 na tsawon mintuna 45. Yana iya cire wasu rini na alkaline da acid a kan masana'anta mai hade da polyester mai rini na nailan/alkaline.

Sabulun wanke-wanke mara ionic 1%; maganin hana rini na cationic 2%; da kuma maganin sodium sulfate 10% zuwa 15% a wurin tafasa da pH 5 na tsawon mintuna 90 zuwa 120. Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi don cire zaren ulu/polyacrylonitrile.

Yi amfani da gram 2 zuwa 5 a kowace lita na soda mai kauri, da gram 2 zuwa 5 a kowace lita na sodium hydroxide, rage tsaftacewa a 80 zuwa 85°C, ko kuma matsakaicin maganin alkaline na farin foda a 120°C, wanda za a iya samu daga polyester/cellulose. Ana cire launuka da yawa kai tsaye da masu amsawa daga cakuda.

Yi amfani da foda mai fari na kashi 3% zuwa 5% da sabulun anionic don shafawa na mintuna 4O-6O a zafin 80℃ da pH4. Ana iya cire rini na acid daga zaren diacetate/polypropylene, diacetate/ulu, diacetate/nailan, nailan/polyurethane, da zaren nailan mai launi mai launin acid.

Yi amfani da sodium chlorite mai nauyin 1-2 g/L, a tafasa na tsawon awa 1 a pH 3.5, don cire rini na warwatse, cationic, ko na amsawa daga masana'anta mai haɗa zare na cellulose/polyacrylonitrile. Lokacin cire kayan haɗin triacetate/polyacrylonitrile, polyester/polyacrylonitrile, da polyester/cellulose, ya kamata a ƙara sabulun wanke-wanke mai dacewa da wanda ba ionic ba.

La'akari da samarwa

7.1 Dole ne a gwada samfurin yadin kafin a bare ko a gyara inuwa.
7.2 Dole ne a ƙarfafa wankewa (ruwan sanyi ko ruwan zafi) bayan an cire masakar.
7.3 Ya kamata a cire kayan aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma a maimaita su idan ya cancanta.
7.4 Lokacin cirewa, dole ne a sarrafa yanayin zafin jiki da ƙari gwargwadon halayen rini, kamar juriyar iskar shaka, juriyar alkali, da juriyar bleaching na chlorine. Don hana yawan ƙari ko rashin kula da zafin jiki, wanda ke haifar da barewa ko barewa da yawa. Idan ya zama dole, dole ne a tantance tsarin ta hanyar sanya ido.
7.5 Lokacin da aka cire wani ɓangare na yadin, waɗannan yanayi zasu faru:
7.5.1 Don maganin zurfin launi na rini, inuwar rini ba za ta canza sosai ba, zurfin launi ne kawai zai canza. Idan an ƙware yanayin cire launi, zai iya cika buƙatun samfurin launi gaba ɗaya;
7.5.2 Idan aka cire wani ɓangare na yadin da aka rina da rini biyu ko fiye da haka tare da irin wannan aiki, canjin launi ba shi da yawa. Domin rini yana da sauƙi a daidai wannan matakin, yadin da aka cire zai bayyana ne kawai. Canje-canje a cikin zurfin.
7.5.3 Don magance rini mai launuka daban-daban a zurfin launi, yawanci yana da mahimmanci a cire rini sannan a sake rini.