1,3-Dichlorobenzene ruwa ne mara launi mai ƙamshi mai kamshi. Ba ya narkewa a cikin ruwa, yana narkewa a cikin barasa da ether. Yana da guba ga jikin ɗan adam, yana cutar da idanu da fata. Yana da ƙonewa kuma yana iya fuskantar chlorine, nitrification, sulfonation, da kuma hydrolysis. Yana yin tasiri mai ƙarfi da aluminum kuma ana amfani da shi wajen haɗa sinadarai na halitta.

Sunan Turanci: 1,3-Dichlorobenzene

Sunan Ingilishi: 1,3-Dichloro Benzene; m-Dichloro Benzene; m-Dichlorobenzene

MDL: MFCD00000573

Lambar CAS: 541-73-1

Tsarin kwayoyin halitta: C6H4Cl2

Nauyin kwayoyin halitta: 147.002

Bayanan jiki:

1. Halaye: ruwa mara launi mai ƙamshi mai kaifi.
2. Matsayin narkewa (℃): -24.8
3. Tafasawar wuri (℃): 173
4. Yawan da ke tsakanin mutane (ruwa = 1): 1.29
5. Yawan tururin da ya dace (iska = 1): 5.08
6. Matsi mai tururi mai cikakken ƙarfi (kPa): 0.13 (12.1℃)
7. Zafin konewa (kJ/mol): -2952.9
8. Yanayin zafi mai tsanani (℃): 415.3
9. Matsi mai tsanani (MPa): 4.86
10. Ma'aunin rabon Octanol/ruwa: 3.53
11. Wurin walƙiya (℃): 72
12. Zafin wuta (℃): 647
13. Iyakar fashewar sama (%): 7.8
14. Iyakar fashewar ƙasa (%): 1.8
15. Narkewa: Ba ya narkewa a cikin ruwa, yana narkewa a cikin ethanol da ether, kuma yana narkewa cikin sauƙi a cikin acetone.
16. Danko (mPa·s, 23.3ºC): 1.0450
17. Wurin kunna wuta (ºC): 648
18. Zafin ƙafewa (KJ/mol, bp): 38.64
19. Zafin samuwar (KJ/mol, 25ºC, ruwa): 20.47
20. Zafin konewa (KJ/mol, 25ºC, ruwa): 2957.72
21. Ƙarfin zafi na musamman (KJ/(kg·K), 0ºC, ruwa): 1.13
22. Narkewa (%, ruwa, 20ºC): 0.0111
23. Yawan da ya dace (25℃, 4℃): 1.2828
24. Ma'aunin zafin jiki na yau da kullun (n25): 1.5434
25. Sigar narkewa (J·cm-3) 0.5: 19.574
26. Yankin Van der Waals (cm2 · mol-1): 8.220×109
27. Van der Waals girma (cm3 · mol-1): 87.300
28. Ma'aunin matakin ruwa yana da'awar zafi (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): -20.7
29. Narkewar zafi mai zafi na ruwa (J·mol-1·K-1): 170.9
30. Ma'aunin yanayin iskar gas yana da'awar zafi (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): 25.7
31. Daidaitaccen entropy na yanayin iskar gas (J·mol-1·K-1): 343.64
32. Ƙarfin da ba shi da amfani na yau da kullun na samuwar iskar gas (kJ·mol-1): 78.0
33. Narkewar zafi ta yau da kullun a lokacin iskar gas (J·mol-1·K-1): 113.90

Hanyar ajiya:
Gargaɗi don ajiya, a adana a cikin ma'ajiyar ajiya mai sanyi da iska. A ajiye nesa da hanyoyin wuta da zafi. A rufe kwantenar sosai. Ya kamata a adana shi daban da sinadarai masu hana iska, aluminum, da sinadarai masu ci, kuma a guji adanawa iri-iri. An sanye shi da nau'ikan kayan aikin kashe gobara da suka dace. Ya kamata a sanya wurin ajiyar kayan aikin gaggawa na zubar da ruwa da kayan ajiya masu dacewa.

warware ƙuduri:
Hanyoyin shiryawa sune kamar haka. Amfani da chlorobenzene a matsayin kayan da aka samar don ƙarin chlorine, ana samun p-dichlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene da m-dichlorobenzene. Hanyar rabuwa gabaɗaya tana amfani da gaurayen dichlorobenzene don ci gaba da distillation. Ana distillation na para- da meta-dichlorobenzene daga saman hasumiya, p-dichlorobenzene yana distillation ta hanyar daskarewa da crystallization, sannan ana gyara uwar giya don samun meta-dichlorobenzene. Ana distillation na o-dichlorobenzene a cikin hasumiyar walƙiya don samun o-dichlorobenzene. A halin yanzu, dichlorobenzene ɗin da aka gauraya yana amfani da hanyar adsorption da rabuwa, ta amfani da sieve na kwayoyin halitta azaman adsorbent, kuma dichlorobenzene ɗin da aka gauraya na iskar gas yana shiga hasumiyar adsorption, wanda zai iya ɗaukar p-dichlorobenzene da zaɓi, kuma ruwan da ya rage shine meta da ortho dichlorobenzene. Gyara don samun m-dichlorobenzene da o-dichlorobenzene. Zafin sha yana da digiri 180-200, kuma matsin sha yana da matsakaicin matsin lamba.

1. Hanyar Meta-phenylenediamine diazonium: ana yin diazotiamine a gaban sodium nitrite da sulfuric acid, zafin diazotiation shine 0~5℃, kuma ana yin hydrolyzed ruwan diazonium a gaban cuprous chloride don samar da haɗin Dichlorobenzene.

2. Hanyar Meta-chloroaniline: Ta amfani da meta-chloroaniline a matsayin kayan da aka samar, ana yin diazotization a gaban sodium nitrite da hydrochloric acid, kuma ana yin hydrolyzed ruwan diazonium a gaban cuprous chloride don samar da meta-dichlorobenzene.

Daga cikin hanyoyin shirye-shirye da aka ambata a sama, hanyar da ta fi dacewa don masana'antu da ƙarancin farashi ita ce hanyar raba shaye-shaye ta hanyar haɗa dichlorobenzene. Akwai wuraren samarwa a China don samarwa.

Babban manufar:
1. Ana amfani da shi wajen haɗa sinadarai na halitta. Haɗarin Friedel-Crafts tsakanin m-dichlorobenzene da chloroacetyl chloride yana samar da 2,4,ω-trichloroacetophenone, wanda ake amfani da shi azaman matsakaici ga maganin antifungal mai faɗi-faɗi miconazole. Haɗarin chlorination yana faruwa ne a gaban ferric chloride ko aluminum mercury, galibi yana samar da 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. A gaban mai kara kuzari, ana sanya shi hydrolyzed a 550-850°C don samar da m-chlorophenol da resorcinol. Ta amfani da jan ƙarfe oxide a matsayin mai kara kuzari, yana amsawa da ammonia mai yawa a 150-200°C ƙarƙashin matsin lamba don samar da m-phenylenediamine.
2. Ana amfani da shi wajen kera rini, hada sinadarai na halitta da kuma sinadaran da ke narkewa.