Tetrahydrofuran
Sunan Ingilishi: THF; oxolane; Butane, alpha, delta-oxide; Cyclotetramethylene oxide; Diethylene oxide; Furan, tetrahydro-; Furanidine; 1, 2, 3, 4 – tetrahydro – 9 h – fluoren – 9 – ɗaya
Lambar CAS: 109-99-9
Lambar EINECS: 203-726-8
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta: C4H8O
Nauyin kwayoyin halitta: 184.2338
InChi: InChI = 1 / C13H12O/c14-13-11-7-13-11-7-9 (11) 10-6-2-10-6-2 (10) 13 / h1, 3, 5, 7 H, 2,4,6,8 H2
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta: Tetrahydrofuran 109-99-9
Yawan yawa: 1.17 g/cm3
Ma'aunin narkewa: 108.4 ℃
Tafasawar zafin jiki: 343.2°C a 760 mmHg
Walƙiya: 150.7 ° C
Narkewar ruwa: Mai narkewa
Matsin tururi: 7.15E-05mmHg a 25°C
Kayayyakin jiki da na sinadarai:
Ruwa mai haske mara launi, yana da ƙamshi mai kama da ether.
Tafasar zafin jiki na 67 ℃
Daskarewa wuri - 108 ℃
Yawan dangi 0.985
Ma'aunin haske na 1.4050
Wurin walƙiya - 17 ℃
Ana iya narkewa da ruwa, barasa, ketone, benzene, ester, ether, da hydrocarbon.
Amfani da Samfuri:
Ana amfani da shi azaman mai narkewa da albarkatun ƙasa don haɗakar kwayoyin halitta

Tetrahydrofuran, wanda aka taƙaita shi a taƙaice THF, wani sinadari ne na halitta mai suna heterocyclic. Yana cikin rukunin ether kuma cikakken samfurin hydrogenation ne na sinadarin furan mai ƙanshi. Tetrahydrofuran yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙarfi na polar ether. Ana amfani da shi azaman matsakaiciyar mai narkewar polar a cikin amsawar sinadarai da cirewa. Ruwa ne mai canzawa mara launi a zafin ɗaki kuma yana da irin wari kamar diethyl ether. Yana narkewa a cikin ruwa, ethanol, ether, acetone, Chemicalbook benzene da sauran masu narkewar halitta, wanda aka sani da "mai narkewar duniya". Ana iya mirgine shi kaɗan da ruwa a zafin ɗaki, shi ya sa wasu masu sayar da kayan maye ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ke samun riba mai yawa ta hanyar haɗa kayan maye na tetrahydrofuran da ruwa. Tunda THF yana samar da peroxides a cikin ajiya, galibi ana ƙara BHT mai hana tsufa ga samfuran masana'antu. Yawan ruwa bai wuce 0.2%. Yana da halaye na ƙarancin guba, ƙarancin tafasa da kuma kyakkyawan ruwa.
A halin yanzu, manyan masu samar da tetrahydrofuran a cikin gida sun haɗa da BASF China, Dalian Yizheng (DCJ), Shanxi Sanwei, Sinochem International, da Petrochina Qianguo Refinery, da sauransu, kuma wasu SAURAN shuke-shuken PBT suma suna samar da wani ɓangare na samfuran da aka samar. Fihirisar tallace-tallace na LyondellBasell Industries a Amurka da Turai sune: tsarki 99.90%Chemicalbook, chroma (APHA) 10, danshi 0.03%, THF hydroperoxide 0.005%, jimlar ƙazanta 0.05%, da kuma hana oxidation 0.025% ~ 0.035%. A cikin masana'antar polyurethane, mafi mahimmancin amfani shine azaman kayan monomer don polytetrahydrofuranediol (PTMEG), wanda kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan amfani da THF.

Babban amfani:
Babban manufar
1. Kayan da aka samar da sinadarin polyurethane fiber tetrahydrofuran na iya zama polycondensation (sake yin cationic initiated ring-opening repolymerization) zuwa polytetramethylene ether diol (PTMEG), wanda kuma aka sani da tetrahydrofuran homopolyether. An yi PTMEG da TOLuene diisocyanate (TDI) a cikin roba ta musamman tare da juriyar lalacewa mai kyau, juriyar mai, ƙarancin zafin jiki da ƙarfi mai yawa. An shirya elastomer polyether polyether tare da dimethyl terephthalate da 1, 4-butanediol. An yi zarurukan roba na polyurethane (SPANDEX, SPANDEX), roba ta musamman da wasu rufin musamman daga PTMEG 2000 da p-methylene bis (4-phenyl) diisocyanate (MDI). Mafi mahimmancin amfani da THF shine samar da PTMEG. A cewar ƙididdiga masu tsauri, ana amfani da fiye da kashi 80% na THF a duniya don samar da PTMEG, yayin da PTMEG galibi ana amfani da shi don samar da zarurukan spandex na roba.
2. Tetrahydrofuran wani sinadari ne mai kyau wanda ake amfani da shi sosai, musamman don narke PVC, polyvinylidene chloride da butaniline. Ana amfani da shi sosai a matsayin sinadari don shafa saman, shafa mai hana tsatsa, tawada ta bugawa, tef ɗin maganadisu da shafa fim. Rufin tef ɗin maganadisu, shafa saman PVC, TSAFTA reactor na PVC, cire fim ɗin PVC, shafa cellophane, tawada ta buga filastik, shafa mai polyurethane mai zafi, shafawa mai mannewa, ana amfani da shi sosai a shafa saman, shafa mai kariya, tawada, cirewa da kuma sinadaran gama saman fata na roba.
3. Ana amfani da shi azaman kayan aiki na halitta don haɗa sinadarai kamar magunguna don samar da tetrahydrothiophene, 1.4-dichloroethane, 2.3-dichlorotetrahydrofuran, pentolactone, butyllactone da pyrrolidone, da sauransu. A masana'antar magunguna, ana amfani da shi don haɗa kepidine, rifamycin, progesterone da wasu magungunan hormonal. Tetrahydrothiophenol, wanda ake samarwa ta hanyar maganin hydrogen sulfide, ana iya amfani da shi azaman wakili mai ƙamshi (ƙarin ganowa) a cikin iskar gas kuma shine babban mai narkewa a masana'antar magunguna.
4. Sauran amfani da sinadarai masu narkewar chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography), waɗanda ake amfani da su don dandanon iskar gas na halitta, sinadarin cire acetylene, kayan polymer, kamar mai daidaita haske. Tare da yawan amfani da tetrahydrofuran, musamman saurin haɓakar masana'antar spandex a China a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, buƙatar PTMEG a China yana ƙaruwa kowace rana, kuma buƙatar tetrahydrofuran kuma yana nuna saurin ci gaba.