Rufe mai hana ruwa wani nau'in nau'in kayan roba ne na ruwa mai ɗorewa ba tare da takamaiman sifa ba a cikin ɗaki. Bayan shafi, za a iya kafa wani tauri hydrophobic shafi a kan tushe surface ta sauran ƙarfi evaporation, ruwa evaporation ko dauki curing. Ruwan rufin ruwa don ginawa sun haɗa da shafi mai hana ruwa na silicone, rufin siliki mai hana ruwa, rufin siminti na tushen shigar crystal hana ruwa, shafi na tushen muhalli gada mai hana ruwa ruwa. Za'a iya gwada ƙa'idodin aiki kamar ƙarancin zafin jiki da rashin ƙarfi ta wasu hanyoyin gwaji.

1. Dubi ginin fenti mai hana ruwa! Nau'in fenti mai hana ruwa 1 don gini.

Silicone mai hana ruwa shafi ne mai ruwa-mai narkewa silicone guduro a matsayin tushe abu, ta yin amfani da high-tech emulsion Ya yi da gina mai hana ruwa shafi. Silicone mai hana ruwa shafi ne mai ruwa-emulsion mai hana ruwa shafi sanya na silicone roba emulsion ko wani emulsion a matsayin tushe abu, da ruwa, makami filler da daban-daban auxiliaries. Rubutun yana da halaye masu ban sha'awa na kayan da ba su da ruwa da ruwa, kuma yana da kyakkyawan juriya na ruwa, haɓakawa, samar da fim, elasticity, sealing, elongation da ƙananan zafin jiki.

2. Silicone roba mai hana ruwa shafi silicon

Rubber waterproof shafi ne wani nau'i na tushen ruwa mai rufi rufi tare da silicone roba emulsion da sauran emulsion hadaddun a matsayin babban kayan aiki, ƙara inorganic filler, crosslinking wakili, kara kuzari, ƙarfafa wakili, defoamer da sauran sinadaran Additives. Samfurin yana da kyakkyawan aiki na duka mai rufin ruwa mai rufi da cikakken rufin ruwa, tare da juriya na ruwa, haɓakawa, ƙirƙirar fim, elasticity, rufewa da ƙananan zafin jiki. Daidaita nakasar tushe yana da ƙarfi, mai zurfi a cikin tushe, kuma haɗin tushe yana da ƙarfi. Injiniya niƙa, polishing, spraying ne dace, fim kafa gudun ne da sauri. Ana iya amfani dashi don ginin tushe mai tushe, maras guba, maras ɗanɗano, maras ƙonewa, aminci da abin dogaro, tare da launuka iri-iri na fenti mai hana ruwa, mai sauƙin kulawa. Silicone roba mai hana ruwa shafi ne wani irin ruwa-emulsion hana ruwa shafi da ruwa a matsayin watsawa matsakaici. Bayan bushewa da taurin kai, ana kafa mahaɗan polymer tare da tsarin cibiyar sadarwa. Bayan da saman kowane tushe Layer aka mai rufi da ruwa mai rufi, da barbashi yawa yawa da kuma fluidity rasa tare da infiltration da evaporation na ruwa. Yayin da tsarin bushewa ya ci gaba, ruwa mai yawa yana ɓacewa kuma ƙwayoyin emulsion a hankali suna tuntuɓar su. A karkashin aikin crosslinking da mai kara kuzari, an aiwatar da aikin haɗin gwiwa, kuma a ƙarshe an kafa fim ɗin uniform da na roba na roba.

Tare da haɓaka kayan kwalliyar ruwa na kwayoyin halitta, suturar ruwa don makamai kuma suna haɓakawa. A halin yanzu, suturar da ba ta dace da ruwa ba ta zama wurin bincike. Yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da aka mayar da hankali kan haɓaka kayan muhalli a cikin ƙarni na 21st.

Akwai nau'ikan mayafin ruwa guda biyu na makamai don makamai: suturar ruwa mai ruwa da penetrant lu'ulu'u mai ruwa.

1. A cikin aiwatar da aikace-aikacen injiniya da haɓakawa, an fara ba da shawarar yin amfani da siminti-tushen penetrant crystalline mai hana ruwa ruwa don hana ruwa na ciki na ginin. Musamman dacewa da tsire-tsire masu kula da najasa, wuraren zama na sama da sauran ayyukan makamantansu.

Tun daga 1960s, a matsayin ingantacciyar hanyar hana ruwa don bayan simintin siminti (hanyar hana ruwa ta ciki), rufin siminti na tushen ƙwanƙwasa crystalline mai hana ruwa sannu a hankali ya faɗaɗa iri-iri kuma ya shiga sabon filin aikace-aikacen a cikin injiniyan gini. A halin yanzu, siminti tushen permeable crystalline mai hana ruwa coatings da aka yadu amfani a karkashin kasa Tsarin na masana'antu da na farar hula gine-gine, jama'a sufuri dogo jirgin kasa, gada shimfidar wuri, sha ruwan sha, najasa magani shuke-shuke, ruwa tashoshin, makamashin nukiliya da makamashi da makamashin nukiliya da ayyukan kiyaye ruwa da sauransu. filayen. Kyakkyawan haɓakawa, mannewa mai ƙarfi, juriya na lalata ƙarfe, mara lahani ga jikin ɗan adam, ginin da ya dace.

2. Ruwa-tushen kare muhalli gada mai hana ruwa shafi ne wani sabon nau'i na gada mai hana ruwa shafi, wanda yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga mai kyau ruwa solubility, ba mai guba, gurbatawa-free, high bond ƙarfi, mai kyau elasticity, fadi da kewayon high da low zazzabi. , low price, da dai sauransu Wannan samfurin da aka yi da high quality man fetur kwalta a matsayin tushe abu, roba polymer abu a matsayin modifier da ruwa a matsayin matsakaici. An samar da shi ta hanyar haɓakawa, haɗin kai, emulsification da sauran fasaha, wanda ke canza tsarin samar da al'ada.

3. Babban abũbuwan amfãni: The rabo na rufi abu ar polymer emulsion zuwa ciminti za a iya gyara don saduwa da sassauci da kuma ƙarfi bukatun na daban-daban ayyuka, da kuma gina hanya dace. Irin wannan rufin mai hana ruwa yana amfani da ruwa azaman tarwatsawa don magance gurɓacewar muhalli da cutar da lafiyar ɗan adam na rufin da ke da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi kamar kwalta da kwalta. Saboda haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ya ci gaba da sauri a gida da waje kuma ya zama tauraro mai tasowa a cikin kayan da ba su da ruwa.

4. Silicone acrylic na waje bango shafi Silicone na waje bango shafi ne taƙaice na silicone acrylic na waje bango shafi. Wani sabon rufin bangon bango mai tsayi mai tsayi tare da juriya mai ƙarfi (rayuwar sabis na fiye da shekaru 10) da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙazanta. Ana amfani dashi ko'ina azaman rufin ruwa. Fentin latex ba mai guba ba ne, ba shi da gurɓata muhalli kuma ba shi da lahani ga jikin ɗan adam. Kayan gine-ginen da suka dace da bukatun muhalli na yanzu sune samfuran maye gurbin sutura. Hanyar gwajin hana ruwa ta polyurethane 1.

1. Manufacturing. Gwaji kayan aikin gogewa: samfuran shafi; Akwatin bushewar iska na lantarki: daidaiton sarrafawa 2.

2. Matakin gwaji:

(1) Kafin gwajin, ƙwanƙwasa, kayan aiki da fenti ya kamata a sanya su a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji na fiye da sa'o'i 24.

(2) Auna adadin samfurin da ake buƙata don tabbatar da kauri na ƙarshe (1.50.2) mm.

(3) Hayar kayan gwaji guda ɗaya don haɗa fentin mai hana wuta daidai gwargwado, daidai gwargwado a auna fenti mai ruwa da yawa daidai da ƙa'idodin masana'anta, sannan a haɗa kayan gwajin daidai gwargwado. Dangane da buƙatar, adadin diluent zai iya zama adadin da masana'anta suka ƙayyade, kuma lokacin da adadin diluent ya kasance a cikin kewayon, ana iya amfani da matsakaicin darajar.

(4) Bayan da samfurin ya haɗu, cika cikakke don minti 5, zuba cikin akwatin lamba don guje wa haɗuwa da kumfa. Firam ɗin ƙirar ba zai lalace ba kuma saman yana santsi. Domin sauƙaƙe asarar gashi, zaku iya fara fara magani tare da wakili na cire gashi kafin amfani. Dangane da bukatun masu sana'a, samfurin ya kamata a fentin fiye da sau ɗaya (har zuwa sau 3), tare da kowane tazara bai wuce 24h ba. Ya kamata a daidaita saman a karo na ƙarshe sannan a warke.

(5) Yanayin warkarwa na shirye-shiryen sutura: ƙaddamar da lokaci kamar yadda ake buƙata, kuma bayan ƙaddamarwa, an juya murfin don magancewa don kauce wa tsarin lalata. Shafi mara lalacewa. Domin sauƙaƙe ƙaddamarwa, ana iya aiwatar da shi a ƙananan yanayin zafi, amma zafin zafin jiki bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da ƙananan zafin jiki mai sauƙi ba.

2. Gwajin rashin karfin jiki.

1. Na'urar gwaji: mitar rashin ƙarfi; Furen shine 0.2 mm. Matakan gwaji:

(1) Yanke samfurori guda uku na kimanin (150150) mm, sanya su tsawon 2h a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji, cika na'urar da ruwa a zazzabi na (235), kuma cire iska gaba daya a cikin na'urar.

(2) Sanya samfurin a kan farantin mai yuwuwa, ƙara ragar ƙarfe mai girman girman daidai da samfurin, rufe farantin na asali mai ramin 7, sannan a matsa a hankali har sai samfurin ya manne akan farantin. Bushe saman da ba a tuntuɓar reagent ba tare da zane ko matsewar iska kuma a hankali matsa lamba zuwa takamaiman matsi.

(3) Bayan kai matsi da aka ƙayyade, kula da matsa lamba na (302) min. Ana lura da ƙarancin ruwa na samfurin yayin gwajin (kwatsam digo a cikin matsa lamba na ruwa ko ruwa akan fuskar da ba ta fuskantar samfurin).

Hanyar gwaji mai hana ruwa polymer:

I. Samfurin da samfurin shiri. Yi la'akari da adadin da ya dace na ruwa da ingantaccen abubuwan samfurin, sanya su ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji bisa ga adadin da masana'anta suka kayyade, don 5min, motsa jiki na 5min, bar su tsaya na mintuna 1 zuwa 3 don rage kumfa, sannan zuba su a cikin shafi mold frame kayyade a cikin "Polyurethane Waterproof Coating Test Method" don shafi. Don sauƙaƙe sakin, ana iya bi da saman fim ɗin tare da wakili na saki. Ana shafe samfurin sau biyu ko sau uku a lokacin shirye-shiryen, kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da murfin baya bayan an bushe tsohon murfin, kuma lokacin tazara na wucewa biyu shine (12 ~ 24) h, don haka samfurin samfurin zai iya isa ((12 ~ 24). 1.5 ± 0.50) mm. An goge saman samfurin mai rufi na ƙarshe, a bar shi har tsawon awanni 96 a ƙarƙashin ingantattun yanayi, sannan kuma ba a tsara shi ba. An bi da samfurin da aka lalata a cikin tanda mai bushewa a (40± 2) ℃ gefen sama har tsawon sa'o'i 48, sa'an nan kuma sanya shi a cikin na'urar bushewa don kwantar da zafin jiki.

Gwajin rashin cika ruwa biyu

An yanke samfurin da aka shirya a cikin guda 3 (150 × 150mm) bayan warkewa, kuma an gwada shi bisa ga kayan gwajin da aka tsara da kuma hanyoyin gwajin rashin ƙarfi. Matsin gwajin ya kasance 0.3MPa kuma an kiyaye matsa lamba na 30min.

Matsayin gwaji don gina rufin ruwa mai hana ruwa

1. Extensibility Extensibility shi ne yafi don yin kowane nau'i na rufin ruwa yana da wani ikon daidaitawa ga lalacewar tushe Layer, don tabbatar da tasirin ruwa.

2. Ƙarƙashin ƙarancin zafin jiki Maɗaukakin zafin jiki zai sa fenti ya gudana, ƙananan zafin jiki zai sa fenti ya fashe, don haka ƙananan zafin jiki ma alama ce ta asali na fenti.

3. Sanarwar Manyan samfuran ruwa goma na mayafin masu hana ruwa, impempafile shine mafi mahimmancin aiki. Idan ba za a iya biyan buƙatun ingancin ba, za a sami ɗigon ruwa kai tsaye bayan an gama.

4. M abun ciki m abun ciki yana nufin ingancin m lokaci a cikin slurry aka gyara, wanda shi ne babban fim-forming abu na daban-daban hana ruwa coatings. Idan ingantaccen abun ciki na fenti ya yi ƙasa sosai, ingancin fim ɗin yana da wahala a tabbatar da shi.

5. Heat juriya a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi mafi girma a lokacin rani, yawan zafin jiki na rufin rufin dutsen dutsen Paint zai iya kaiwa 70 ° C, idan zafin zafi na fenti bai wuce 80 ° C ba, kuma ba a kiyaye shi don 5 ba. sa'o'i, sa'an nan kuma fim din zai samar da ruwa mai gudana, kumfa da abubuwan zamewa, yana tasiri tasirin hana ruwa.